被禁止的性行为与性暴力

卖淫: 法律方面 9

卖淫无论是违法还是合法，它都存在于世界各地，随着HIV/AIDS流行的到来，卖淫这一事实逐渐摆在了人们的面前。我们同样获悉，主顾传染给妓女比反过来的传染方式存在更大的风险。不过，在许多国家，卖淫终归成为病毒感染的主要途径。尤其在发展中国家，许多妓女并不知道怎样保护自己，或者即使知道怎样保护，也不能去实施（缺乏安全套、缺乏能力坚持使用安全套，等等）。考虑到对公共健康的这种风险，各国政府当局别无选择，只好寻求妓女的合作，并且，在可能的地方，也寻求那些靠卖淫收入而生活的妓女的合作。继而，这种措施给那些常常非常不冷静的头脑添加了一剂清醒剂，让他们采取务实的态度；不过，这对所有那些就卖淫夸夸其谈、争论不休的人也敲响了警钟。例如，在泰国这样的卖淫违法的国家，在那里，在妓女中推广使用安全套的运动赢得了妓院老板的帮助，并且因此证明非常成功。在德国这样的卖淫合法的国家，那里的政府在移民来的性工作者中间分发以她们的文字说明的艾滋病预防材料。其余的国家则已经采取了另外的解决方案，或者正在寻求解决途径。

移居的性工作者使用的AIDS预防材料

在妓女权益机构的合作下，德国在移民来的性工作者中间免费分发用她们的文字说明的艾滋病预防的工具和宣传册。因为移居的女性性工作者不合法的身份，她们常常难以获得这些预防材料。此处显示的是俄语小宣传册和包装着安全套、润滑液、清洁毛巾和卫生棉球的一套工具。
资料来源: 联邦健康教育中心 (BZgA)。

AIDS prevention for migrant sex workers
The German government, in cooperation with a prostitutes’ organization, distributes free AIDS prevention kits and brochures to migrant sex workers in their own languages. These women are often difficult to reach because of their illegal residence status. Shown here is a brochure in Russian and one of the kits containing condoms, lubricants, cleaning towels and a tampon.
Source: Federal Center for Health Education (BZgA).

Prohibited Sexual Behavior and Sexual Violence

Prostitution: Legal Aspects 9

Whether illegal or legal, prostitution exists all around the world, a fact that became evident with the arrival of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. One also learned there is a greater danger of customers infecting prostitutes than vice versa. Nevertheless, in many countries prostitution turned into one of the main avenues of virus transmission. Especially in developing countries, many prostitutes did not know how to protect themselves or, if they knew, were unable to do so (lack of condoms, inability to insist on their use etc.). In view of this danger to public health, the authorities had no choice but to seek the co-operation of prostitutes and, where applicable, of those who live off their earnings. This, in turn, added some sobriety and realism to the often quite heated, but all too theoretical debate about prostitution. In Thailand, for example, where prostitution is illegal, a campaign to increase condom use among prostitutes enlisted the help of brothel owners and therefore proved very successful. In Germany, where prostitution as such is legal, the government distributed AIDS prevention material among migrant sex workers in their own languages. Other countries have come up with other solutions or are in the process of finding them.