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被禁止的性行为与性暴力
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性暴力:
概述
1
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论暴力与健康世界报告，克拉格
EG
等编辑，世界卫生组织
(WHO)，日内瓦，2002。欲参考论“性暴力”的第6章概要，请点击此处。欲参考该报告的全文，请点击此处。
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World Report
on Violence
and Health,
Krug EG
et al.,
eds., World
Health
Organization
(WHO),
Geneva,
2002.
For
a summary of
the chapter
6 on
“Sexual
Violence”,
click
here.
For the full
text of the
report,
click
here. |
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2002年，世界衛生組織發佈了一個論暴力與健康的報告[1]，其中含有篇幅很長的一章（第6章），論及了性暴力。內容包括：
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“性暴力是一个严重而普遍的公共健康问题，它遍及全世界，每年会波及到数百万人民。性暴力在社会、文化和经济环境的多个运行层面由多种因素所导致。针对妇女的性暴力的核心问题是性别不平等。”
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该报告列举了以下的性暴力形式：
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婚内或约会关系中的強奸
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陌生人強奸
在武装冲突期间的有计划有步骤的強奸
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包括作为报答性质的强求的性接触在内的非意愿的性求爱或性騷擾
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对精神或身体残障人的性辱虐
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对儿童的性辱虐
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包括与儿童结婚在内的强迫结婚或同居
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否定(他人)使用避孕手段或采取其它防止性传播疾病措施的权利
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强迫流产
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包括女性生殖器毁损和强制做处女检查在内的针对妇女的性忠诚采取的暴力举动
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以性剥削为目的的强迫賣淫和人口贩卖
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该报告也申明，性暴力的潜在意图“往往是加诸于被強奸者的权力欲和统治欲的表达”。該報告也申明，性暴力的潛在意圖“往往是加諸於被強姦者的權力欲和統治欲的表達”。
.
论暴力与健康世界报告，克拉格
EG
等编辑，世界卫生组织
(WHO)，日内瓦，2002。欲参考论“性暴力”的第6章概要，请点击此处。欲参考该报告的全文，请点击此处。 |
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Prohibited Sexual Behavior and Sexual Violence |
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Sexual Violence: Introduction 1 |
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In
2002, the World Health Organization
(WHO) issued a report on Violence and
Health
which contains a lengthy chapter on
sexual violence (chapter 6). It
concludes: |
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“Sexual
violence is a serious and common public
health problem affecting millions of
people each year throughout the world.
It is driven by many factors operating
in a range of social, cultural and
economic contexts. At the heart of
sexual violence directed against women
is gender inequality.” |
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The report lists the
following forms of sexual violence: |
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Rape within marriage or dating
relationships
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Rape by strangers
Systematic rape
during armed conflict
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Unwanted sexual advances or sexual
harassment, including demanding sex
in return for favors
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Sexual abuse of mentally or
physically disabled people
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Sexual abuse of children
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Forced marriage or cohabitation,
including the marriage of children
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Denial of the right to use
contraception or to adopt other
measures to protect against sexually
transmitted diseases
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Forced abortion
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Violent acts against the sexual
integrity of women, including female
genital mutilation and obligatory
inspections for virginity
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Forced prostitution and trafficking
of people for the purpose of sexual
exploitation
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The report also states that the underlying purpose of sexual violence “is frequently the expression of power and dominance over the person assaulted”.
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