性行为的基本类型

威廉·冯·洪堡（Wilhelm von Humboldt）1826/27年拟定了性学研究的主题大纲《人类依附史》（History of Dependency in the Human Race）。其中，他计划调查“生殖内驱力（the procreative drive）”和娼妓发展史。这部著作从来也没有完成，不过在洪堡的大纲草案里，他按照性行为的四种可能的对象，第一次引入了道德中立的人类性行为分类法：

1. 自我性行为(Self)

2. 与异性的性交(Other sex)

3. 与同性的性交(Same sex)

4. 与动物的性交(Animal)

这个分类作为一个对非常复杂的论题的一般性导论现在仍旧有用，并且我们因此在本教程的以下内容将使用这个分类系统。不过，遵照现时的科学术语规则，我们将把第二和第三个分类命名为异性性交(heterosexual intercourse)和同性性交(homosexual intercourse)[1](前缀“hetero-“和“homo-“在希腊语里，准确的含义为“不同的”和“相同的”)。

Wilhelm von Humboldt, in 1826/27, sketched the outline of a major sexological study “The History of Dependency in the Human Race”. In it, he planned to investigate the history of “the procreative drive” and that of prostitution. The work was never completed, but in his sketch Humboldt, for the first time, introduced a morally neutral classification of human sexual behavior according to its four possible objects:

1. Self
2. Other sex
3. Same sex
4. Animal

This classification is still helpful today for a general introduction to a very complex issue, and we will therefore use it in the following sections of this course. However, following the current scientific terminology, we will speak in the second and third cases of “heterosexual” and “homosexual intercourse” (the prefixes “hetero-“ and “homo-“ simply mean “different” and “same” in Greek).