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男性性生理问题
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阴茎持续勃起症
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普瑞尔珀斯是古希腊的生殖神。他的雕像总是炫耀着一根勃起的巨大阴茎。雕像被安置在田野里，以寄希望于确保五谷丰登。
Priapos was the ancient Greek god of fertility. His statue, always showing a huge erect penis, was placed in the fields in the hope of ensuring a good harvest.
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术语阴茎持续勃起症(priapism，以古希腊生殖神的名字命名，见插图——译者注)
是指在无性刺激的情况下，阴茎的持续性和疼痛性的勃起状态。
如果这种令人烦恼的勃起持续时间超过2小时，才诊断为阴茎持续勃起症。这种症状可能会发生在所有年龄段的男子，包括男婴和男童在内。在这样的病例中，阴茎持续勃起症是某些损伤或严重疾病的征象，例如白血病或镰刀状红细胞贫血症。然而，最容易罹患此病的病人是20-50岁的男子。发病的原因也可能是镰刀状红细胞贫血症或某种损伤。另外的发病原因可能是阴茎内注射药物甚或口服治疗勃起功能障碍的药物。其他的可能病因有诸如(阴茎)血管瘘管、静脉闭塞或其他身体内部的血管阻塞。阴茎持续勃起症的典型症状是，当阴茎干膨胀变硬时，阴茎头却不勃起而是仍然疲软。还有一种令人厌烦的阴茎勃起症，阴茎仅仅持续地轻度勃起(所谓的半勃起)长达数天。这种持续勃起虽然不疼痛，也需要去治疗。(阴蒂持续勃起症，即阴蒂疼痛性过度膨胀则罕见。)
治
疗
阴茎持续勃起症是一种医学急症。如果没有及时得到治疗(如果可能不幸未在发病的6小时内去泌尿科治疗)，阴茎可能会受到永久性损伤。为了确定病因，仔细地身体检查是必要的，随后则必须立即进行治疗。假若及早得到治疗，一些药物就可以缓解症状。如果症状不消退，则需要通过血管穿刺排血或可能需要外科手术。
Physical Problems in Males
Priapism
The term priapism
refers to a persistent, usually painful erection of the penis in the absence of sexual excitement.
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We
speak of priapism if the bothersome
erection lasts longer than 2 hours. The
condition can occur in males of all
ages, including newborns and small
children. In these cases it is an
indication of some injury or serious
disease such as leukemia or sickle-cell
anemia. However, most afflicted males
are between twenty and fifty years old.
Again, the cause may be sickle-cell
anemia or some injury. Another cause may
be the injection of drugs into the penis
or even oral medication for the
treatment of erection problems. There
are some other possible causes such as a
fistula, the occlusion of a vein or
other internal obstructions. It is
typical of priapism that, while the
shaft of the penis is tumescent and
hard, the glans is not, but remains
soft. There are also cases of unwelcome,
but persistent weak erections (so-called
semi-erections) lasting several days.
These, although not painful, also
require treatment. (Priapism in females,
i.e. a painfully engorged clitoris, is
extremely rare.)
Treatment
Priapism is a medical emergency. Without
timely intervention (if possible by a
urologist, and within the first six
hours), the penis may be permanently
damaged. A careful examination is
necessary to determine the cause, and
prompt treatment must follow. If the
treatment starts early enough, some
medication may solve the problem. If the
condition persists, the draining of
blood though an inserted needle and/or
surgery may be required.
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