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性行為的基本類型
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1.
自我性刺激：對自我性刺激認識的簡史 |
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蒂索與拉什的“手淫”觀
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1760年，一位受人尊敬的瑞士醫生，名叫塞繆爾·蒂索（Samuel
Tissot），他發表了影響甚至更為廣泛的書，書名叫《手淫，或論手淫所導致的紊亂的論文》（Onanism,
or
a
Treatise Upon
the Disorders Produced by Masturbation）。這位作者聲稱手淫不僅是罪過和犯罪，而且也是造成諸如“癆病（consumption）、視力減退、消化紊亂、陽痿和精神錯亂”等許多嚴重疾病的病因。蒂索的成功曾經蔚為壯觀。他曾經作為論手淫這個主題的大師被人廣泛地引述，並且作為人類的一位大恩人得到了廣泛的讚揚。就在數十年裏，他的觀點成了官方的醫學準則。西方世界的全部醫生開始從幾乎每一種生理問題的源頭上去找一找手淫。
到了1812年，本傑明·拉什（Benjamin
Rush）發表他的著作《精神疾病的醫學調查與觀察》（Medical
Inquiries and Observations Upon the
Diseases of the Mind）時，手淫的有害作用（的觀點）被傳播到所有的地方，並且手淫所導致的疾病數量大大地增加了。按照拉什的觀點，“手淫（onanism）”不僅導致精神錯亂，而且也導致生殖能力減弱、陽痿、排尿困難（dysury）、脊髓癆（tabes
dorsalis）、癆病（pulmonary
consumption）、消化不良、視力減退、眩暈、癲癇病、疑病症（hypochondriasis）、記憶力喪失、manalgia[1]、癡呆和死亡。 |
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（左）塞繆爾·蒂索（Samuel
Tissot,
1728-1797）曾經是有影響力的“開明的”瑞士醫生。（右）本傑明·拉什（Benjamin
Rush,
1745-1813），美國醫生，1776年美國《獨立宣言》簽署者之一。他後來成為著名的“美國精神病學之父”。
(left) Samuel Tissot (1728-1797) was an influential “enlightened” Swiss physician.
(right) Benjamin Rush (1745-1813), an American physician, was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence of 1776. He later became known as “the father of American psychiatry”.
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Manalgia：一個精神病學術語，被本傑明·拉什列為與性的濫用有關，表現為對一切喪失注意力等等。——校者注。 |
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Basic Types of Sexual Behavior |
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1. Sexual Self-stimulation: History
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Tissot and Rush
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In 1760, a respected Swiss physician by the name of
Samuel Tissot published an even more influential book entitled,
“Onanism, or a Treatise Upon the Disorders Produced by Masturbation”. The author claimed that masturbation was not only a sin and a crime, but that it was also directly responsible for many serious diseases, such as "consumption, deterioration of eyesight, disorders of digestion, impotence, and insanity." Tissot's success was spectacular. He was widely quoted as the greatest authority on the subject of masturbation, and he was universally praised as a benefactor of mankind. Within a few decades, his views became official medical doctrine. Physicians all over the Western world began to find masturbation at the root of almost every physical problem.
By 1812, when
Benjamin Rush published his
“Medical Inquiries and Observations Upon the Diseases of the Mind”, the harmful effects of masturbation were taken for granted everywhere, and their number had greatly increased. According to Rush, "onanism" caused not only insanity, but also "seminal weakness, impotence, dysury, tabes dorsalis, pulmonary consumption, dyspepsia, dimness of sight, vertigo, epilepsy, hypochondriasis, loss of memory, manalgia, fatuity, and death."
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