性行為的基本類型

18世紀早期對自我性刺激的認識

1710年，在英格蘭出現了一本匿名手冊，標題是 《手淫（onania）[1]：在男女兩性中自瀆的滔天罪惡及其全部可怕後果——那些慣於用這種討厭的習慣傷害自身者所必須遵守的精神與身體的忠告》。現在人們認為這本手冊的作者是那個時候的一位誇誇其談的牧師，他提供給讀者的是借用了那個所謂“浪費”精液的老教條、經過改頭換面老調重彈的劣作。他把《聖經》中的人物俄南的有關行為稱作“onania”[1]，在《聖經》記載裏，因為俄南拒絕讓他兄弟的遺孀懷孕而受到了上帝的懲罰。正如習俗所要求的那樣，按照習俗的規定俄南與兄弟的遺孀發生性交行為，卻用陰莖抽離的避孕方法防止任何可能的受孕（《創世紀》，第1章，第38節，第3-10頁）。不幸的是，這位作者荒謬的觀念及其引人誤解的術語不久就獲得了廣泛的認可。這本手冊迅速被譯成數種歐洲語言，最終被人編審達80個版本。

《手淫（onania）：在男女兩性中自瀆的滔天罪惡及其全部可怕後果——那些慣於用這種討厭的習慣傷害自身者所必須遵守的精神與身體的忠告》封面 [1]. 按照詞義組合，原義“onania”應該翻譯成“俄南固結症”，前人譯作“手淫”或“性交中斷”。參見：“性學中使用不當的專業術語”中的詞條onanism。——譯者注。

1. Sexual Self-stimulation: History

Early 18th Century

In 1710, an anonymous pamphlet appeared in England under the title, “Onania, or the Heinous Sin of Self-Pollution and All Its Frightful Consequences in Both Sexes, Considered with Spiritual and Physical Advice To Those Who Have Already Injured Themselves By This Abominable Practice”. The author is now believed to have been a former clergyman turned quack who offered his readers an embellished rehash of older theories about the dangers of "wasting" semen. He called this behavior “onania” in reference to Onan, a biblical character who was punished by God for refusing to impregnate his brother's widow. As required by custom, he engaged in coitus with her, but prevented any possible pregnancy by practicing the withdrawal method of contraception (Genesis, 38:8-10). Unfortunately, the author’s absurd ideas and his misleading term soon found wide acceptance. The pamphlet was quickly translated into several European languages and eventually went through more than eighty editions.