被禁止的性行為與性暴力

賣淫: 有關的法律方面 9

賣淫無論是違法還是合法，它都存在於世界各地，隨著HIV/AIDS流行的到來，賣淫這一事實逐漸擺在了人們的面前。我們同樣獲悉，主顧傳染給妓女比反過來的傳染方式存在更大的風險。不過，在許多國家，賣淫終歸成為病毒感染的主要途徑。尤其在發展中國家，許多妓女並不知道怎樣保護自己，或者即使知道怎樣保護，也不能去實施（缺乏安全套、缺乏能力堅持使用安全套，等等）。考慮到對公共健康的這種風險，各國政府當局別無選擇，只好尋求妓女的合作，並且，在可能的地方，也尋求那些靠賣淫收入而生活的妓女的合作。繼而，這種措施給那些常常非常不冷靜的頭腦添加了一劑清醒劑，讓他們採取務實的態度；不過，這對所有那些就賣淫誇誇其談、爭論不休的人也敲響了警鐘。例如，在泰國這樣的賣淫違法的國家，在那裏，在妓女中推廣使用安全套的運動贏得了妓院老闆的幫助，並且因此證明非常成功。在德國這樣的賣淫合法的國家，那裏的政府在移民來的性工作者中間分發以她們的文字說明的愛滋病預防材料。其餘的國家則已經採取了另外的解決方案，或者正在尋求解決途徑。

移居的性工作者使用的AIDS預防材料

在妓女權益機構的合作下，德國在移民來的性工作者中間免費分發用她們的文字說明的愛滋病預防的工具和宣傳冊。因為移居的女性性工作者不合法的身份，她們常常難以獲得這些預防材料。此處顯示的是俄語小宣傳冊和包裝著安全套、潤滑液、清潔毛巾和衛生棉球的一套工具。 資料來源：（德國）聯邦健康教育中心（BZgA）。

AIDS prevention for migrant sex workers
The German government, in cooperation with a prostitutes’ organization, distributes free AIDS prevention kits and brochures to migrant sex workers in their own languages. These women are often difficult to reach because of their illegal residence status. Shown here is a brochure in Russian and one of the kits containing condoms, lubricants, cleaning towels and a tampon.
Source: Federal Center for Health Education (BZgA).

Prohibited Sexual Behavior and Sexual Violence

Prostitution: Legal Aspects 9

Whether illegal or legal, prostitution exists all around the world, a fact that became evident with the arrival of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. One also learned there is a greater danger of customers infecting prostitutes than vice versa. Nevertheless, in many countries prostitution turned into one of the main avenues of virus transmission. Especially in developing countries, many prostitutes did not know how to protect themselves or, if they knew, were unable to do so (lack of condoms, inability to insist on their use etc.). In view of this danger to public health, the authorities had no choice but to seek the co-operation of prostitutes and, where applicable, of those who live off their earnings. This, in turn, added some sobriety and realism to the often quite heated, but all too theoretical debate about prostitution. In Thailand, for example, where prostitution is illegal, a campaign to increase condom use among prostitutes enlisted the help of brothel owners and therefore proved very successful. In Germany, where prostitution as such is legal, the government distributed AIDS prevention material among migrant sex workers in their own languages. Other countries have come up with other solutions or are in the process of finding them.