被禁止的性行為與性暴力

賣淫: 有關的法律方面 5

賣淫最為消極的方面之一始終是一些男人利用妓女的方式，他們通過控制妓女和搜刮其收入來控制她們。這樣的男人通常稱為“皮條客（pimp）”。也有一些婦女，她們對妓女的收入抽成，例如，通過經營妓院的方式。這樣的婦女通常稱為“夫人（madam）”[1]。一些夫人也許操心她們的“小姐”的安寧，並且也可能有一些皮條客會對其“女人”提供非常必要的保護和保障，不過，這些並不是現今人們越來越擔憂的原因。在“現實社會”裏，賣淫境況是嚴峻的，並且許多政府因而懲罰皮條客，甚至諸如在賣淫並不是犯罪的地方，也照樣要懲罰皮條客。（但是許多立法機構准許經營妓院，並未把這種行為定義為拉皮條。）不管怎樣，在賣淫不合法的地方，我們通常會發現有更多依附皮條客的妓女。反過來，賣淫祛罪化會減少皮條客的數量和降低其影響力。

如今，最嚴重的問題倒在於皮條客與人口販子的勾結。受害者要麼被人協助用旅行簽證進入其它國家，要麼被非法偷渡到一個國家。然而，如果沒有合法的居留許可，她們會全然陷入陷阱，會依附妓院或皮條客，並且會成為肉體虐待和經濟剝削的受害者。這種方式全然違背了她們的願望，她們會協助犯罪分子組織籌措資金，而犯罪分子則以她們的收入為生。

在德國的“性工作者”

2001年，德國聯邦刑事辦公署（the German Federal Crime Office）分析了987例人口販賣受害者。其中，69%來自東歐，3%小於18歲；51%介於18-24歲之間；32.3%大於24歲。其餘的年齡未知。上述地圖根據其部分原居住國（立陶宛12.1%，拉脫維亞：4.1%）顯示的構成比。此處未顯示的有：來自非洲和亞洲的受害者9.9%；還有來自其它地區的受害者21%。[資料來源：Bundeskriminalamt （BKA）]

[1]. 中國大陸目前稱之為“媽咪”，這種稱呼恐怕也是從香港或臺灣傳入的。——譯者注。

Prohibited Sexual Behavior and Sexual Violence

Prostitution: Legal Aspects 5

One of the most negative aspects of prostitution has always been the way in which some men take advantage of prostitutes by controlling them and collecting their earnings. Such a man is commonly called a “pimp”. There are also a few women who share in the earning of prostitutes, for example, by running a brothel. Such a woman is usually called a “madam”. Some madams may honestly care about the well-being of their “girls”, and there may also be pimps who provide much needed protection and stability to their “women”, but these do not cause the present growing concern. In the “real world”, the picture is grim, and many governments therefore punish pimping even where prostitution as such is not a crime. (However, many legislatures allow the running of brothels and do not define this as pimping.) In any case, where prostitution is illegal, one usually finds more prostitutes depending on pimps. Conversely, the decriminalization of prostitution reduces the number and influence of pimps.
Today, the most serious problem is the connection between pimping and trafficking. Its victims are either helped to enter a new country on tourist visas or are brought in illegally. Without a legal residence permit, however, they are trapped in utter dependency and become victims of physical abuse and economic exploitation. This way, quite against their will, they help finance a network of criminals who live off their earnings.