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被禁止的性行為與性暴力
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性暴力: 概述
1
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論暴力與健康世界報告，克拉格
EG
等編輯，世界衛生組織
（WHO），日內瓦，2002。欲參考論“性暴力”的第6章概要，請點擊此處。欲參考該報告的全文，請點擊此處。
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World Report
on Violence
and Health,
Krug EG
et al.,
eds., World
Health
Organization
(WHO),
Geneva,
2002.
For
a summary of
the chapter
6 on
“Sexual
Violence”,
click
here.
For the full
text of the
report,
click
here. |
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2002年，世界衛生組織發佈了一個論暴力與健康的報告[1]，其中含有篇幅很長的一章（第6章），論及了性暴力。內容包括：
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“性暴力是一個嚴重而普遍的公共健康問題，它遍及全世界，每年會波及到數百萬人民。性暴力在社會、文化和經濟環境的多個運行層面由多種因素所導致。針對婦女的性暴力的核心問題是性別不平等。”
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該報告列舉了以下的性暴力形式：
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婚內或約會關係中的強姦
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陌生人強姦
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在武裝衝突期間的有計劃有步驟的強姦
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包括作為報答性質的強求的性接觸在內的非意願的性求愛或性騷擾
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對精神或身體殘障人的性辱虐
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對兒童的性辱虐
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包括與兒童結婚在內的強迫結婚或同居
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否定（他人）使用避孕手段或採取其他防止性傳播疾病措施的權利
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強迫流產
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包括女性生殖器毀損和強制做處女檢查在內的針對婦女的性忠誠採取的暴力舉動
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以性剝削為目的的強迫賣淫和人口販賣
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該報告也申明，性暴力的潛在意圖“往往是加諸於被強姦者的權力欲和統治欲的表達”。
[1].
論暴力與健康世界報告，克拉格
EG
等編輯，世界衛生組織
（WHO），日內瓦，2002。欲參考論“性暴力”的第6章概要，請點擊此處。欲參考該報告的全文，請點擊此處。 |
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Prohibited Sexual Behavior and Sexual Violence |
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Sexual Violence: Introduction 1 |
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In
2002, the World Health Organization
(WHO) issued a report on Violence and
Health
which contains a lengthy chapter on
sexual violence (chapter 6). It
concludes: |
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“Sexual
violence is a serious and common public
health problem affecting millions of
people each year throughout the world.
It is driven by many factors operating
in a range of social, cultural and
economic contexts. At the heart of
sexual violence directed against women
is gender inequality.” |
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The report lists the
following forms of sexual violence: |
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Rape within marriage or dating
relationships
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Rape by strangers
Systematic rape
during armed conflict
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Unwanted sexual advances or sexual
harassment, including demanding sex
in return for favors
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Sexual abuse of mentally or
physically disabled people
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Sexual abuse of children
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Forced marriage or cohabitation,
including the marriage of children
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Denial of the right to use
contraception or to adopt other
measures to protect against sexually
transmitted diseases
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Forced abortion
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Violent acts against the sexual
integrity of women, including female
genital mutilation and obligatory
inspections for virginity
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Forced prostitution and trafficking
of people for the purpose of sexual
exploitation
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The report also states that the underlying purpose of sexual violence “is frequently the expression of power and dominance over the person assaulted”.
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