An Interactive Process

性行為的發展

性行為的發展概述: 性腳本之說

性腳本的採用——相互作用的過程

性腳本的採用是一個相互作用的過程,在這個過程中,個體和社會共同作用達成相互可接納的結局。這常常需要一些折中和調整。例如:

社會環境為適當的性別角色提供一個性腳本,而個體要麼接受,要麼拒絕,或只是部分地接受,或改變它以適合個體特殊的需要。然後,這會引起社會做出反應,或者以讚揚和支持的方式做出反應,或者以不贊成或責備的方式做出反應。繼而,這種反應可能削弱或加強這個個體接受這個性腳本的意願;於是,這種相互作用再一次引起另一輪的社會反應,如此這般。為性欲行為和生殖行為規定的社會腳本符合上述同一原理。接納或拒絕這些腳本會隨著不斷地討價還價和反反復複,可能需要一個長期和曲折的過程。這得極大地依賴於這些腳本本身的剛性和彈性而定,還得依賴於這些腳本被提供的方式或途徑而定。一些個體很容易順從社會的期待,而另一些個體會拒絕社會的規定,甚或奮起而造反。繼而,這可能導致非常不同的社會反應——從徹底的壓抑、勉強的容忍到強勉地做出調整——而這個個體也以同樣的方式可能或不可能做出反應。依據各個具體案例不同,在這樣的矛盾衝突解決之前,這可能需要一個長期的磨合過程。

個體與社會環境之間的相互作用

這個十分簡要的圖表用圖示說明這種基本的反饋機制。一個個體(紅色小人)從各種來源(灰色大箭頭背景的字母片斷)獲得了多種多樣的腳本。然而,這個個體的反應(紅色箭頭)會以某種方式(把這個腳本起初的黑色字母轉變成紅色字母)改變這個腳本的局部。這個經過修改並最終被接受的腳本就是這種相互作用過程的產物。

一旦我們認識到,在我們生活的現代社會裏,個體通常不是面對一個或兩個,而是面對許多相互競爭的性腳本,那麼,性腳本形成的結果甚至變得尤其複雜了。

Development of Sexual Behavior

Introduction: A Script?

An Interactive Process

The adoption of a sexual script is an interactive process, in which the individual and society negotiate a mutually acceptable outcome. This often requires some compromise or modification. For example:
The social environment offers a script for the proper gender role, and the individual accepts or rejects it, or accepts it only in part, or changes it to suit special personal needs. This then provokes a social reaction, either in the form of praise and support or in some form of disapproval or censure. This reaction, in turn, may weaken or strengthen the individual’s willingness to accept the script, which again provokes another social reaction, and so on.
The same is true of the social scripts for erotic and reproductive behavior. Adopting or rejecting these scripts may be a long, tortuous process with many twists and turns. Very much depends on the rigidity or flexibility of the scripts themselves and on the way they are being offered. Some individuals conform very easily to social expectations, but others refuse or even rebel. This, in turn, can lead to very different social reactions - from outright repression to uneasy tolerance to reluctant accommodation - and the individual may or may not respond in kind. Depending on the case, it may take a long time, before such conflicts are resolved.

                            Interaction between individual and social environment
This greatly simplified graph illustrates the basic feedback mechanism. An individual (small red figure) is offered various scripts from various sources (alphabet segments at the base of large grayish arrows). However, the individual’s reactions (red arrows) change some parts of the scripts in some way (turning the original black letters of the scripts into red ones). The modified scripts that are eventually accepted have resulted from this interaction.

The issue of scripting becomes even more complicated once we realize that in our modern world individuals are usually faced not with one or two, but with many competing sexual scripts.

[Course 6] [Description] [How to use it] [Introduction] [Development] [Introduction] [Stages] [Basic Types] [Variations] [Prohibited Behavior] [Additional Reading] [Examination]