變異的性行為

雙性戀運動的先驅

美國的雙性戀者感覺受到了來自同性戀人群和異性戀人群的壓迫，他們開始於1970年代組織起來。以上顯示的是這種雙性戀新興運動的兩位重要的先驅者。

（左）瑪格麗特·魯濱斯坦 （Marguerite Rubenstein，1930- ），美國臨床醫學家，曾經是1976年創建三藩市雙性戀者中心的後臺強有力的支持者。這是第一個提供各種服務的雙性戀機構。較早之前的雙性戀組織，是國家雙性戀解放組織（the National Bisexual Liberation Group），於1972年在紐約創立。

（右）弗裏茨·克萊因 （Fritz Klein，1932 -2006），美國精神病學家和雙性戀運動先驅，于1978年發表過《雙性戀的選擇權》（The Bisexual Option）一書，為第一部旨在研究雙性戀的專著。

當男同性戀者和女同性戀者設法獲得社會認可為性少數的時候，他們就會通過號召蟄伏的成員結束地下狀態（“出櫃- out of the closet”），不再假裝自己是異性戀者，而要向社會宣告自己同性戀者身份。

這就含蓄地把人類分為兩個相互排斥的陣營——“直人（straight，即異性戀）”或“同志（gay，即同性戀者）”，或者，用阿爾弗雷德·金西的話說，分為“善人與惡人（sheep and goats）[1]”。但是，這種劃分並沒有妥善地顧及到被兩個性別所性吸引的許許多多的男男女女們。的確，他們現在感到既被同性戀性少數（homosexual minority）也被異性戀性多數（heterosexual majority）所壓迫。這兩個族群的人稱他們自己為單一的“單性戀者（monosexual）”。所以，為了對這種局面做出回應，他們作為另一個性少數族群開始組織起來，即雙性戀性少數（bisexual minority）。隨著他們的運動不斷發展，美國雙性戀者性少數於1990年在三藩市召開了第一次全國大會。與相似的少數族群建立的聯繫網路促成了1991年在阿姆斯特丹的第一次雙性戀者性少數國際會議，以及隨後由其它性少數族群召集的國際性會議。如今，雙性戀者性少數運動也包括許多跨性者（transgendered people），並且把自己的這種運動視為設法打破傳統性別分極分類體系的更大的解放運動。

Sexual Minorities: 1. Bisexuals

Pioneers of the Bisexual Movement
Feeling oppressed by both the homosexual and the heterosexual world, American bisexuals began to organize in the 1970s. Shown here are two important pioneers of the new movement.

Marguerite Rubenstein (b.1930), an American therapist, was the driving force behind the founding of the Bisexual Center in San Francisco in 1976. It was the first bisexual organization with its own center offering a variety of services. An earlier group, the National Bisexual Liberation Group, had been founded in New York in 1972. Fritz Klein (1932 -2006), an American psychiatrist and pioneer of the bisexual movement, published “The Bisexual Option” in 1978, the first psychological study specifically devoted to bisexuality.

When the gays and lesbians tried to gain recognition as a minority, they sought to increase their numbers by asking potential members to come out of hiding (“out of the closet”), to stop pretending that they were heterosexuals and declare their homosexuality to the world.
By implication, this divided the human race into two mutually exclusive camps – “gay” or “straight, or, in the words of Alfred Kinsey, into “sheep and goats”.  However, this division did not sit well with very many women and men who were erotically attracted to both sexes. Indeed, they now felt oppressed by both the homosexual minority and the heterosexual majority, calling both of them them one-sided “monosexuals”. In response, therefore, they began to organize as another minority – the bisexuals. As their movement grew, American bisexuals organized their first national congress in San Francisco in 1990. Networking with similar groups led to a first International Congress on Bisexuality in Amsterdam 1991, and this was followed by others. Today, the bisexual movement also includes many transgendered people and sees itself as part of a larger liberation movement that tries to break down the traditional polarized gender categories.