|
被禁止的性行为与性暴力
|
|
成人与儿童的性接触:
定义
4
|
|
 |
|
恋青年
这幅古希腊花瓶画的细节显示这位成年求爱者(伊悦斯特)正在亲吻这名少年情人(伊罗曼诺)。
|
|
Pederasty
This detail of an ancient Greek vase painting shows the adult lover (Erastes) kissing the adolescent beloved (Eromenos). |
|
|
在深入讨论之前，不仅澄清一下术语“娈童癖(pedophilia)”，而且澄清一下在讨论娈童癖背景下的其它的一些术语可能是有用的：
|
娈童癖(pedophilia)：反复出现的、强烈的与青春期之前的儿童或儿童(13周岁或以下年龄)的性唤起幻想、性欲望或涉及性活动的行为。
恋童年(hebephilia，自希腊语hebe：年轻的)：成人(通常为男性)的性吸引力(sexual
attraction)指向接近青春期年龄的少年。有时也作为“恋青少年(ephebophilia)”的同义词使用。
恋青少年
(ephebophilia，自希腊语ephebos：青少年)：成人(通常为男性)的性吸引力指向青春期年龄之后的青年人。有时也作为“恋童年(hebephilia)”的同义词使用。
恋青年
(pederasty，自希腊语eran：爱恋、爱慕、与……发生性爱关系)：成人(通常为男性)的性吸引力指向少年期年龄之后的青少年或青年(14-17岁)。该术语常常被误用，但是回忆一下该术语的原初含义有助于我们加深理解：在古希腊，少年爱(paiderastia)曾经是一种社会称赞的习俗，在这种习俗里，成年男性求爱者(伊悦斯特，the
Eraste)向青春期的男子求爱，并设法让这位男子成为情人(伊罗曼诺，the
Eromeno)。尽管这种关系通常涉及到性接触，但是，性接触首先是为了服务于教育的目的。
|
|
|
这些术语清晰地区分了青春期之前与青春期之后的青少年，而且通过暗示，它们给出了在医学、精神病学、心理学、生物学、人种学、社会学和历史学被接纳(但是并不总是在法律条款中使用)的儿童的定义：儿童是指在青春期之前的女孩和男孩。唯一与儿童的性接触的欲望应该被称为“娈童癖”。忽视了这个定义恰恰是不切实际的和不明智的。娈童癖罕见，恋童年则较为多见，这应该要做出区分的判断。
|
|
 |
|
Prohibited Sexual Behavior and Sexual Violence |
|
Adult Sexual Contact with Children: Definitions 4 |
|
Before proceeding further, it may be useful to clarify not only the term
"pedophilia", but also some other terms often heard in this context: |
Pedophilia: Recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children (age 13 years or younger).
Hebephilia (from Gr. hebe: young): The sexual attraction of an adult - usually male - to young people around the age of puberty. Sometimes used as a synonym for “ephebophilia”.
Ephebophilia (from Gr. ephebos: adolescent): The sexual attraction of an adult - usually male - to young people after puberty. Sometimes used as a synonym for "hebephilia."
Pederasty (from Gr. eran: to love): The sexual attraction of an adult - usually male - to adolescents after puberty (ages 14-17). This term is often misused, but it is helpful to recall its original meaning: In ancient Greece,
paiderastia was a socially approved custom, in which an adult male lover (the Erastes) courted an adolescent male and made him his beloved (the Eromenos). While this relationship usually involved sexual contact, it served, above all, an educational purpose. |
|
|
These terms clearly distinguish between pre- and postpubescent young people, and, by implication, they provide a definition of childhood that is accepted in medicine, psychiatry, psychology, biology, ethnology, sociology, and history (but not always in criminal codes):
Children are girls and boys before puberty. Only the desire for sexual contact with them should be called “pedophilia”. It is unrealistic and unwise to ignore this distinction. Pedophilia is rare. Hebephilia is more common and should be judged differently. |
