Methods of Contraception: Without Medical Assistance

There are four methods of contraception which can be used without any professional help: Abstinence from coitus, withdrawal (coitus abruptus), condom, and spermicides. In some countries a fifth method may soon be added, as there are plans to make "post-coital contraception", also called “emergency contraception” or "morning-after pills", available without prescription
Some experts have said in the past that any method of contraception is better than none at all. However, some methods are so ineffective as to be practically useless. Among these is karezza, or coitus reservatus, a form of coitus in which the man tries to avoid ejaculation. Although such an attempt may have certain emotional and even spiritual values, it does not necessarily prevent pregnancies. Another questionable method consists of inserting a small sponge together with some spermicidal powder or liquid into the vagina. This is not only ineffective, but may also interfere with coitus and cause discomfort. Still another method is vaginal douching after coitus or, in other words, the washing out of the vagina with some sort of solution in the hope of removing the sperm. This procedure is useless because it can never come soon enough to make any difference. There are further certain "feminine hygiene" products which are advertised with hints at contraceptive powers. Nevertheless, they are quite ineffective in that respect and may actually be harmful to the vaginal tissue. In general, vaginal douching and spraying should be avoided because it is unnecessary. The vagina cleanses itself with its own secretions. Too much interference can only upset the vaginal ecology and cause infection or irritation.