避孕
|
避免怀孕最显而易见和最可靠的方法是禁绝性交。可是,有史以来人们已经寻求到了避孕的方法,也就是那种让人们参与性交而不冒作父母风险的方法或装置。数千年以来,就像人们所发现的那样,这样的方法仍然是不成熟的和效果极其有限的。最终,现代科学家发现了新的较为有效的方法(和对旧方法作了改进的方法),迄今为止,科学家对避孕方法有了非常多的选择。今天,我们几乎能够完全防止非意愿妊娠的发生。不过,更安全、更简捷和更便宜的避孕药具的研制仍将继续着。
|
Contraception
|
The most obvious and most reliable way of avoiding pregnancy is complete abstinence from coitus. However, throughout history women and men have searched for means of contraception, i.e., for methods or devices that would allow them to engage in coitus without the risk of becoming parents. For thousands of years, such methods as were found remained crude and largely ineffective. Eventually, modern scientists discovered new and better methods (and improved the old ones), until they arrived at the present wide range of reasonable choices.
Today, unwanted pregnancies can be prevented with almost complete certainty. Nevertheless, the search for even safer, simpler, and cheaper contraceptives goes on.
|