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不孕/不育
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夫妇的不孕不育
一般而言，夫妇的不孕/不育归于男（A：40%）女（B：40%）双方各自的原因相等。双方共同的原因占10%（C）。有10%的病例不能解释原因（D）
Infertility in a couple
Generally speaking, a couple’s infertility can be traced equally to problems in the male (A: 40%) and the female (B: 40%). Both male and female factors are found in 10% of the cases (C). 10% cannot be explained (D).
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据估计，每5对夫妇中就有1对不能生育孩子。对于有一些人，不能生育引不起多大的担忧，甚至可能受到欢迎。可是，不能生育对于男男女女来说成为挫折和非常苦恼的最常见根源，他们的自尊意识不知何故与其成为父母的能力维系在一起。幸运的是，现代医学的进步已经能够帮助其中的许多人摆脱这种困扰。
一对夫妇的不孕/不育可能在各种各样原因中有其中之一或更多种原因，要么是男方的原因，要么是女方的原因，或者双方的原因。这些原因从单纯的缺乏性行为经验到营养不良、心理障碍以及男方或女方的生殖系统的症状，不胜枚举。所以，外观上显然健康的年轻夫妇（都小于35岁），已经有了1年以上有意的怀孕努力，而还没有成功地怀上孩子，最好去看医生，寻求专业帮助（如果男女双方任何一方超过35岁，应该在6个月后就要寻求这样的专业帮助了）。男女双方在专业医生细致的医学检查下通常能够找到怀孕失败的原因。其实，有的时候诊断以及治疗不孕/不育是非常简单的。譬如：有那么一些没有孩子的夫妇恰恰是因为他们在女方排卵的日子里从没有过性交。在另外的一些病例中，可能证明他们的病症异常的复杂，而且需要涉及心理咨询、激素替代疗法或手术等多种途径的治疗。近年来，有一种日益流行的治疗手段，那就是人工授精。对于某些病例（大约每10对夫妇中有1对），尽管运用了所有的医学措施仍不能解决他们不孕/不育的问题。可是，这些夫妇仍就可以通过领养孩子来履行父母的职责。 |
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Infertility
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It is estimated that nearly one in every five couples is unable to produce children. In some cases, this infertility creates very little concern and may even be welcome. Most often, however, it becomes a source of frustration and great unhappiness to men and women whose sense of self-esteem is somehow tied to their ability to become parents. Fortunately, the advances of modern medicine have made it possible to help many of them.
A couple's infertility may have one or more of many different causes affecting either the man, or the woman, or both. They range from simple sexual inexperience to poor diet, psychological difficulties, and problems of the male or female reproductive systems. Thus, an apparently healthy young couple (both under 35) who have had no success starting pregnancy after more than a year of conscious effort may be well advised to seek professional help. (If either the man or the woman is over 35, such help should be sought after 6 months.) A careful medical examination of both partners by a specialist can often discover the reason for their failure. Sometimes the diagnosis as well as the therapy are very simple indeed. For example, there have been couples who remained childless just because they never had sexual intercourse on the woman's fertile days. At other times, the problem may prove to be extremely complicated and require extensive treatment involving psychological counseling, hormone replacement, or surgery. One of the more recent and increasingly popular methods of treating infertility is artificial insemination. In some cases (approximately one in every ten couples), fertility cannot be established in spite of all available medical measures. However, these couples may still find fulfillment as parents through adoption. |
