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避孕 |
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自然的还是人工的？
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宗教与科学对什么是自然的各自有不同的概念
Religion and science have different
concepts of what is natural.
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所有的避孕方法被长期而细致地做过生殖过程的临床观察。它们都涉及科学知识的运用或理性思维，而且大多数的避孕方法需要运用化学制品和特别的工具、小物件、装置和诸如日历或体温计等手段。每一种避孕方法都是人类的计谋介入自然运行规律的结果。简而言之，避孕总是有意所为，是人类运用了自然规律以规避某种自然规律的结果。
可是，有些人有时会混淆这种基本事实，他们设法把避孕区分成“自然避孕”和“人工避孕“。显然，这样的区分是武断的和不科学的。宗教戒律基于被称之为”自然法则“的哲学学说，对避孕也做出了自己的诠释。当然，宗教对避孕的这些个诠释”自然“也因时因地而异，它们从本质上看是一种意识形态方面的辩述并且不容他人有异议。从科学观点来看，任何避孕方法既是自然的也是人为的。可是，为了日常生活便于运用，把避孕方法区分为需要医学协助的方法和不需要医学协助的方法则比较实用。
也可见”自然法则和自然规律“
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Contraception
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Natural or Artificial?
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All contraceptive methods have been developed through long and careful observation of the procreative process. They all involve the application of scientific knowledge or rational calculation, and most of them require the use of chemicals or special tools, gadgets, devices or instruments such as a calendar or thermometer. In each case, human cunning prevents nature from simply taking its course. In short, contraception is always the result of a conscious decision which uses certain laws of nature to circumvent certain others.
This elementary fact has sometimes been obscured by writers who have tried to create a distinction between "natural" and "artificial" means of contraception. Such a distinction is arbitrary and unscientific. It is usually dictated by religious beliefs, based on specific interpretations of the philosophical doctrine of a so-called “natural law”. Such interpretations “naturally” differ from one place and time to another. They are essentially ideological and not open to critical argument.
From the standpoint of science, any contraceptive method is as natural or artificial as any other. However, for the practical purposes of everyday life it is useful to distinguish between those contraceptive methods that require medical assistance and those that do not.
See also “Natural Law and the Laws of Nature”
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