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避孕
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避孕方法：避孕的成败
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雷蒙德·珀尔
Raymond Pearl
(1879-1940)
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没有任何一种避孕方法都一直适合每一个人。因此，选择正确的避孕方法就是必要的。一些方法从理论上说比其他方法更有效，但是在实践中，这还得常常依使用者的适当使用而定。举例来说：避孕套在理论上比避孕药有效性要差，如果适当地使用和坚持使用，可能比避孕药更有效；如果一再忘记服用避孕药，它的避孕效果就大打折扣。简而言之，当决定选用一种避孕方法时，不仅要把它的理论上的有效性考虑在内，而且也要兼顾使用者的个人情况、偏好和习惯。
虽然如此，就避孕方法的成败，还是有一些大体的指标，称为珀尔指数（Pearl
index），以美国生物学家和统计学家雷蒙德·珀尔的名字命名，珀尔于1930年代总结出了这种经验。 |
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Contraception
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Methods of Contraception: Success and Failure of Contraception
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No contraceptive method is suitable for everyone at all times. Choosing the right method is therefore essential. Some methods are theoretically more effective than others, but in practice this often depends on their proper use. For example: A condom which, in theory, is less effective than "the pill", can be more effective if the man uses it properly and consistently, and the pill is less effective if the woman repeatedly forgets to take it. In short, when deciding on a contraceptive method, one has to take not only its theoretical effectiveness into account, but also the personal circumstances, preferences and habits of its users.
Even so, there are some general guidelines about the success or failure of contraceptive methods. They have been summarized as the so-called Pearl index, named after the American biologist and statistician
Raymond Pearl, who developed it in the 1930s. |
