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被禁止的性行為與性暴力
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性暴力:
性騷擾:
性騷擾的形式
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讓我們暫且把具有性動機的顯而易見的身體侵犯例子擱一邊不說，單就說說過去存在的大量並沒有認真對待的無禮的行為。一項對美國聯邦雇員的研究確定了6種形式的性騷擾： |
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不受歡迎的信件、電話、或有性含義的材料；
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不受歡迎和故意的觸摸、倚靠、擠逼（cornering）或捏掐；
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不受歡迎的有性含義的暗示性的注視或手勢；
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不受歡迎的性求愛；
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不受歡迎的強制要求約會；
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不受歡迎的有性含義的戲弄、玩笑、言辭或提問。
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讓人們感到吃驚的是，這項於1995年進行的研究查明，婦女屈從于這類可恥行為的人遠遠多於男人。以下的圖表舉例說明經歷14年的這種發展結果。少有理由會讓人相信本圖表所顯示的男女受到性騷擾的比率從那個時候以來會發生引人注目的下降。
美国联邦政府工作场所的性騷擾
美國聯邦政府工作場所的性騷擾
在前兩年裏多少雇員體驗過受到性騷擾行為？正如本統計資料所顯示的一樣，女人比男人更多地有受到性騷擾的經歷。資料來源：美國聯邦政府工作場所的性騷擾：趨勢、進展和持續的挑戰.美國功績制保護委員會（Merit
Systems Protection Board）向總統和國會提交的報告。欲參閱全文，請點擊此處。
How
Many Employees Experienced Sexually
Harassing Behaviors in the Previous
Two Years?
As the
statistics show, many more women than men experience sexual harassment.
Source: Sexual Harassment in the Federal Workplace: Trends, Progress, Continuing Challenges
A Report to the President and the Congress of the United States by the U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board. For the full text, click
here. |
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Prohibited Sexual Behavior and Sexual Violence
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Sexual Violence: Sexual Harassment: Forms of Harassment
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Leaving aside the obvious cases of
sexually motivated physical violence, there are a number of offensive behaviors that were not taken seriously enough in the past. An American study of federal employees identified six forms of sexual harassment:
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- Uninvited letters, telephone calls, or materials of a sexual nature
- Uninvited and deliberate touching, leaning over, cornering, or pinching
- Uninvited sexually suggestive looks or gestures
- Uninvited pressure for sexual favors
- Uninvited pressure for dates
- Uninvited sexual teasing, jokes, remarks or questions
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To no one’s surprise, the study, conducted in 1995, found that far more women were subjected to this kind of degrading behavior than men. The following graph illustrates the development over 14 years. There is little reason to believe that the balance has shifted
significantly since then. |
