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避孕 |
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避孕方法：避孕的成敗
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雷蒙德·珀爾
Raymond Pearl
(1879-1940)
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沒有任何一種避孕方法都一直適合每一個人。因此，選擇正確的避孕方法就是必要的。一些方法從理論上說比其他方法更有效，但是在實踐中，這還得常常依使用者的適當使用而定。舉例來說：避孕套在理論上比避孕藥有效性要差，如果適當地使用和堅持使用，可能比避孕藥更有效；如果一再忘記服用避孕藥，它的避孕效果就大打折扣。簡而言之，當決定選用一種避孕方法時，不僅要把它的理論上的有效性考慮在內，而且也要兼顧使用者的個人情況、偏好和習慣。
雖然如此，就避孕方法的成敗，還是有一些大體的指標，稱為珀爾指數（Pearl
index），以美國生物學家和統計學家雷蒙德·珀爾的名字命名，珀爾於1930年代總結出了這種經驗。 |
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Contraception |
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Methods of Contraception: Success and Failure of Contraception
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No contraceptive method is suitable for everyone at all times. Choosing the right method is therefore essential. Some methods are theoretically more effective than others, but in practice this often depends on their proper use. For example: A condom which, in theory, is less effective than "the pill", can be more effective if the man uses it properly and consistently, and the pill is less effective if the woman repeatedly forgets to take it. In short, when deciding on a contraceptive method, one has to take not only its theoretical effectiveness into account, but also the personal circumstances, preferences and habits of its users.
Even so, there are some general guidelines about the success or failure of contraceptive methods. They have been summarized as the so-called Pearl index, named after the American biologist and statistician
Raymond Pearl, who developed it in the 1930s. |
