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避孕 |
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自然的還是人工的？
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宗教與科學對什麼是自然的各自有不同的概念
Religion and science have different
concepts of what is natural.
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所有的避孕方法被長期而細緻地做過生殖過程的臨床觀察。它們都涉及科學知識的運用或理性思維，而且大多數的避孕方法需要運用化學製品和特別的工具、小物件、裝置和諸如日曆或體溫計等手段。每一種避孕方法都是人類的計謀介入自然運行規律的結果。簡而言之，避孕總是有意所為，是人類運用了自然規律以規避某種自然規律的結果。
可是，有些人有時會混淆這種基本事實，他們設法把避孕區分成“自然避孕”和“人工避孕“。顯然，這樣的區分是武斷的和不科學的。宗教戒律基於被稱之為”自然法則“的哲學學說，對避孕也做出了自己的詮釋。當然，宗教對避孕的這些個詮釋”自然“也因時因地而異，它們從本質上看是一種意識形態方面的辯述並且不容他人有異議。從科學觀點來看，任何避孕方法既是自然的也是人為的。可是，為了日常生活便於運用，把避孕方法區分為需要醫學協助的方法和不需要醫學協助的方法則比較實用。
也可見”自然法則和自然規律“
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Contraception
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Natural or Artificial?
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All contraceptive methods have been developed through long and careful observation of the procreative process. They all involve the application of scientific knowledge or rational calculation, and most of them require the use of chemicals or special tools, gadgets, devices or instruments such as a calendar or thermometer. In each case, human cunning prevents nature from simply taking its course. In short, contraception is always the result of a conscious decision which uses certain laws of nature to circumvent certain others.
This elementary fact has sometimes been obscured by writers who have tried to create a distinction between "natural" and "artificial" means of contraception. Such a distinction is arbitrary and unscientific. It is usually dictated by religious beliefs, based on specific interpretations of the philosophical doctrine of a so-called “natural law”. Such interpretations “naturally” differ from one place and time to another. They are essentially ideological and not open to critical argument.
From the standpoint of science, any contraceptive method is as natural or artificial as any other. However, for the practical purposes of everyday life it is useful to distinguish between those contraceptive methods that require medical assistance and those that do not.
See also “Natural Law and the Laws of Nature”
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