|
不孕/不育 |
 |
|
夫婦的不孕不育
一般而言，夫婦的不孕/不育歸於男（A：40%）女（B：40%）雙方各自的原因相等。雙方共同的原因占10%（C）。有10%的病例不能解釋原因（D）
Infertility in a couple
Generally speaking, a couple’s infertility can be traced equally to problems in the male (A: 40%) and the female (B: 40%). Both male and female factors are found in 10% of the cases (C). 10% cannot be explained (D).
|
|
|
|
據估計，每5對夫婦中就有1對不能生育孩子。對於有一些人，不能生育引不起多大的擔憂，甚至可能受到歡迎。可是，不能生育對於男男女女來說成為挫折和非常苦惱的最常見根源，他們的自尊意識不知何故與其成為父母的能力維繫在一起。幸運的是，現代醫學的進步已經能夠幫助其中的許多人擺脫這種困擾。
一對夫婦的不孕/不育可能在各種各樣原因中有其中之一或更多種原因，要麼是男方的原因，要麼是女方的原因，或者雙方的原因。這些原因從單純的缺乏性行為經驗到營養不良、心理障礙以及男方或女方的生殖系統的症狀，不勝枚舉。所以，外觀上顯然健康的年輕夫婦（都小於35歲），已經有了1年以上有意的懷孕努力，而還沒有成功地懷上孩子，最好去看醫生，尋求專業幫助（如果男女雙方任何一方超過35歲，應該在6個月後就要尋求這樣的專業幫助了）。男女雙方在專業醫生細緻的醫學檢查下通常能夠找到懷孕失敗的原因。其實，有的時候診斷以及治療不孕/不育是非常簡單的。譬如：有那麼一些沒有孩子的夫婦恰恰是因為他們在女方排卵的日子裏從沒有過性交。在另外的一些病例中，可能證明他們的病症異常的複雜，而且需要涉及心理諮詢、激素替代療法或手術等多種途徑的治療。近年來，有一種日益流行的治療手段，那就是人工授精。對於某些病例（大約每10對夫婦中有1對），儘管運用了所有的醫學措施仍不能解決他們不孕/不育的問題。可是，這些夫婦仍就可以通過領養孩子來履行父母的職責。 |
|
Infertility |
It is estimated that nearly one in every five couples is unable to produce children. In some cases, this infertility creates very little concern and may even be welcome. Most often, however, it becomes a source of frustration and great unhappiness to men and women whose sense of self-esteem is somehow tied to their ability to become parents. Fortunately, the advances of modern medicine have made it possible to help many of them.
A couple's infertility may have one or more of many different causes affecting either the man, or the woman, or both. They range from simple sexual inexperience to poor diet, psychological difficulties, and problems of the male or female reproductive systems. Thus, an apparently healthy young couple (both under 35) who have had no success starting pregnancy after more than a year of conscious effort may be well advised to seek professional help. (If either the man or the woman is over 35, such help should be sought after 6 months.) A careful medical examination of both partners by a specialist can often discover the reason for their failure. Sometimes the diagnosis as well as the therapy are very simple indeed. For example, there have been couples who remained childless just because they never had sexual intercourse on the woman's fertile days. At other times, the problem may prove to be extremely complicated and require extensive treatment involving psychological counseling, hormone replacement, or surgery. One of the more recent and increasingly popular methods of treating infertility is artificial insemination. In some cases (approximately one in every ten couples), fertility cannot be established in spite of all available medical measures. However, these couples may still find fulfillment as parents through adoption. |
