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性行为的基本类型
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4.
与动物的性接触 |
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宗教方面有关人与动物的性接触
(上)：希腊人信奉的最高神宙斯(Zeus)为了向斯巴达王后勒达（Leda）求爱，装成一只天鹅。（自古希腊雕塑）(下)：一些古印度神庙里的雕塑显示所有形式的性活动。（此处显示印度中部的卡久拉霍，拉西曼那神庙里的雕塑。) |
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Religious aspects
Top: The Greek supreme god Zeus assumed the form of a swan in order to seduce Leda, the queen of Sparta.
(After an ancient Greek sculpture)
Bottom: The sculptures of some ancient Hindu temples displayed all forms of sexual activity.
(Shown here is an example from the Lakshmana Temple, Khajuraho, Central India) |
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许多文化的民间故事中的神话含有涉及人类与其他物种动物的性交内容，这些动物诸如熊、狼、马、蛇和鳄鱼等。对于这种行为的态度不总是负面的。例如，信仰“灵魂轮回说”(即人能作为其它动物再生的观念)的宗教曾经就有不同的态度，这与认为人类例外地与没有任何灵魂的动物世界有联系的宗教大相径庭。
在古代大多数传说里，动物是人受难意外死亡后的超生物，而且古希腊与古罗马的作家也讲述过一些故事，其中的动物会采取主动与人交往。例如，在伊良[Aelian，本名：克劳迪亚斯·伊利厄讷斯（Claudius
Aelianus，公元2世纪)撰写的著名小说中，海豚有一天与一名男孩坠入情网，向这名男孩求爱并使其成了自己的伴侣。当这名男孩意外死亡时，心碎的海豚丧失了继续活下去的意愿。希腊人也信奉宙斯(Zeus)为心目中的最崇高的神，为了赢得其他难以接近的女子的性宠爱，有时装扮成动物的形象。这样一来，他扮成一头公牛接近了欧罗巴(Europa)，装成一只天鹅靠近了勒达(Leda)。希腊神话进一步给我们讲述道，克利特(Crete)的王后帕西法尔(Pasiphaë)与一头公牛性交，然后生下了人身牛头的弥诺陶洛斯(Minotaur)。在亚洲、非洲和美洲各国，文字出现之前，也有相似的传说。例如，某些爱斯基摩部落认为“白种”人是女人与狗性交的后代。
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Basic Types of Sexual Behavior |
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4. Sexual Contact with Animals |
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The myths and folk tales of many cultures contain references to sexual intercourse between human beings and other species of animals, such as bears, wolves, horses, snakes, and crocodiles. The attitudes toward this behavior were not always negative. For example, religions that believed in the “transmigration of souls”, i.e. in the idea that a person can be reborn in another life as an animal, had a quite different attitude than those that saw man as exceptional and without any spiritual connection to the animal world.
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In most ancient tales, the animals are objects of sudden human passions, but ancient Greek and Roman writers also tell of some cases in which an animal takes the initiative. For example, in a famous story by
Aelian (Claudius Aelianus, 2nd century A.D.), a dolphin falls in love with a boy, courts him and makes him his companion. When the boy dies in an accident, the broken-hearted dolphin loses his will to live. The Greeks also believed that
Zeus, their highest god, occasionally assumed the form of an animal in order to win the sexual favors of an otherwise inaccessible human female. Thus, he approached
Europa as a bull and
Leda as a swan. Greek mythology further tells us that
Pasiphaë, the queen of Crete, had intercourse with a bull and then gave birth to the
Minotaur, a human monster with a bull's head. Similar tales were told by various preliterate peoples in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. For instance, a certain Eskimo tribe believed that the “white” human race resulted from sexual intercourse between a woman and a dog. |
