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性行為的發展
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性行為的發展阶段:
兒童期的性行為發展階段 |
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“性反應”的發展
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“性教育”
现今的许多父母需要帮助孩子处理他们的性行为发展问题。在许多国家，政府、也包括私立协会和机构既为成人也为儿童提供性教育的资料。至于在讲英语的国度里，美国性信息与与教育咨询理事会的互联网(SIECUS)就是一个大众性教育资料来源。(点击图标)
“Sex education”
Many parents today need help in dealing with their children’s sexual development. In many countries, governmental as well as private institutions and organizations provide educational materials for both adults and children. For the English- speaking world, the American web site of SIECUS is a popular resource.
(Click on logo)
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父母和監護人經常會問自己，應該怎樣對自己孩子的自我刺激和相互的身體探查（行為）做出反應。他們應該設法阻止、不理睬或鼓勵這些行為嗎？的確是一個疑問，對兒童存在諸如適當的“性”行為這樣一回事兒嗎？
在這個時候，不存在普遍被接納的答案，甚至答案本身也可能使許多人產生反感。可是，在“全球化的”世界裏，對兒童的不同的性腳本正在相互競爭之中，一些性腳本嚴厲，其它的則寬鬆。事實上只存在對所有的現代社會都一致同意的原則：應該防止兒童受到年長得多的孩子、青少年和成人的性欲求愛（erotic
advance）。通常，此類的“性”接觸是不能被容忍的，並且如果成人捲入其中，他們會被當作罪犯受到懲處。
另一方面，兒童期的性腳本可能從一個社會和一個社交群體到另一個社會和社交群體變化多端。在“自由主義的”西方中產階級社群，父母通常採取務實的態度：只要維持在私密之下，一些兒童期的“性遊戲”會被允許，而且會完全限制與其他兒童和成人的相互的（涉性的）關係。取中庸之道的做法不可能就會保證（兒童的）“理想的”性行為發展，不過，在大多數例子裏，還要顧及到孩子有一個持續的心理成熟過程，這才是一個行得通的處事方法。至少，我們現在確信，在一個寬以待人的環境裏，孩子並不會經歷任何的“潛伏期”[1]，他們會啟動和繼續他們的感官活動和性活動，直至進入和度過青春期。
Development of Sexual Behavior
Stages of Development: Childhood
“Sexual Response” 2
Parents and attending adults usually ask themselves how they should react to the self-stimulation and mutual physical exploration of their children. Should they try to stop it, ignore it or encourage it? Indeed,
is there such a thing as appropriate “sexual” behavior for children?
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At this time, there is no universally accepted answer, and even the question itself may scandalize many people. However, in our “globalized” world, different sexual scripts for children are competing with each other, some very strict, others permissive. There is only one principle on which virtually all modern societies agree:
Children should be protected from erotic advances by much older children, adolescents and adults. As a rule, “sexual” contact of this sort is not tolerated and, if adults are involved, they are punished as criminals.
In other respects, childhood sexual scripts can vary a great deal from one society and social group to another. In the “liberal” Western middle classes, parents usually adopt a pragmatic attitude: Some childhood “sex play” is allowed as long as it remains private, and clear restrictions are imposed on the interaction with other children and adults. Steering such a middle course may not guarantee an “ideal” sexual development, but in most cases it is a workable compromise still allowing for the child’s continued psychological growth. At any rate, we now know that children in a supportive environment do not experience any “latency period”. They begin and continue their sensual and sexual activities right up to and through puberty. |
