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被禁止的性行为与性暴力
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性暴力:
性骚扰:
性骚扰的形式
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让我们暂且把具有性动机的显而易见的身体侵犯例子搁一边不说，单就说说过去存在的大量并没有认真对待的无礼的行为。一项对美国联邦雇员的研究确定了6种形式的性骚扰：
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不受欢迎的信件、电话、或有性含义的材料；
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不受欢迎和故意的触摸、倚靠、挤逼（cornering）或捏掐；
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不受欢迎的有性含义的暗示性的注视或手势；
- 不受欢迎的性求爱；
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不受欢迎的强制要求约会；
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不受欢迎的有性含义的戏弄、玩笑、言辞或提问。
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让人们感到吃惊的是，这项于1995年进行的研究查明，妇女屈从于这类可耻行为的人远远多于男人。以下的图表举例说明经历14年的这种发展结果。少有理由会让人相信本图表所显示的男女受到性骚扰的比率从那个时候以来会发生引人注目的下降。
美国联邦政府工作场所的性骚扰
在前两年里多少雇员体验过受到性骚扰行为？
正如本统计数据所显示的一样，女人比男人更多地有受到性骚扰的经历。
资料来源：美国联邦政府工作场所的性骚扰：趋势、进展和持续的挑战.美国功绩制保护委员会(Merit
Systems Protection Board)向总统和国会提交的报告。欲参阅全文，请点击此处。
How
Many Employees Experienced Sexually
Harassing Behaviors in the Previous
Two Years?
As the
statistics show, many more women than men experience sexual harassment.
Source: Sexual Harassment in the Federal Workplace: Trends, Progress, Continuing Challenges
A Report to the President and the Congress of the United States by the U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board. For the full text, click
here. |
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Prohibited Sexual Behavior and Sexual Violence
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Sexual Violence: Sexual Harassment: Forms of Harassment
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Leaving aside the obvious cases of
sexually motivated physical violence, there are a number of offensive behaviors that were not taken seriously enough in the past. An American study of federal employees identified six forms of sexual harassment:
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- Uninvited letters, telephone calls, or materials of a sexual nature
- Uninvited and deliberate touching, leaning over, cornering, or pinching
- Uninvited sexually suggestive looks or gestures
- Uninvited pressure for sexual favors
- Uninvited pressure for dates
- Uninvited sexual teasing, jokes, remarks or questions
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To no one’s surprise, the study, conducted in 1995, found that far more women were subjected to this kind of degrading behavior than men. The following graph illustrates the development over 14 years. There is little reason to believe that the balance has shifted
significantly since then. |
