能治愈性传播疾病-传染   Curable STDs-Infections

梅毒 I (俗称：杨梅疮 )

1. 它是什么？
梅毒，民间称为杨梅疮 (Syphilis，有时也称 lues)是一种危险的细菌传染病。梅毒通常通过性接触传播，但是已感染的母亲在分娩前和分娩中也能传染给她的婴儿。

2. 它由什么所引起？
梅毒由一种叫螺旋菌，或用科学术语苍白螺旋体（treponema pallidum）感染所引起。病菌的形状类似螺旋或酒瓶开塞钻，它由德国细菌学家F.施奥丁恩于1905年发现。

3. 它如何传播？
梅毒能够通过阴道性交、口交和肛交所传染，甚至能通过接吻传染。病菌从感染者开放创口、皮肤破口或皮疹到健康伙伴的细微而不可见的皮肤破口或黏膜传染，然后再从被感染部位进入淋巴结和血液，快速地波散到全身。
梅毒也能够从已感染的孕妇血液直接传染给胎儿。许多被感染的胎儿要么是死产，要么出生不久就夭折了。受感染的新生儿必须立即得到治疗[（对于这种病例，医生称其为先天梅毒 (congenital syphilis or lues connata)]。
在人体之外，梅毒细菌存活时间不超过数秒钟。因此，通过接触座便器、浴盆、毛巾、被单、枕套或别的诸如此类的物品被传染简直是不可能的。

Syphilis or Lues I (popular names: siff, pox, bad blood)

1. What is it?
Syphilis (sometimes also called lues) is a dangerous bacterial infection. It is usually transmitted through sexual contact, but can also be passed from an infected mother to her baby before or during birth.

2. What causes it?
Syhilis is caused by a bacterium called a spirochete or, with its scientific name, treponema pallidum. Its shape resembled that of a spiral or corkscrew, and it was discovered by the German bacteriologist Fritz Schaudinn in 1905.

3. How is it transmitted?
Syphilis can be transmitted through vaginal, oral or anal sexual contact, and even through kissing. The bacteria spread from the infected person’s open sores, skin lesions or rashes to the uninfected partner through tiny, invisible breaks in the skin or mucous membranes. From there, the bacteria enter the lymph nodes and the bloodstream, spreading rapidly throughout the body.
Syphilis can also be transmitted from the bloodstream of an infected pregnant woman directly into the bloodstream of her unborn baby. Many such babies are stillborn or die shortly after birth. An infected newborn must be treated immediately. (In these cases, doctors speak of congenital syphilis or lues connata).
Outside the human body, the syphilis bacteria cannot survive more than a few seconds. It is therefore practically impossible to contract syphilis from toilet seats, bath tubs, towels, bed linens, or other such objects.