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變異的性行為 |
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兩種變異的性行為舉例:
1.
戀物癖 |
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阿爾弗雷德·比奈
（Alfred
Binet, 1857-
1911）
法國醫生和心理學家，作為智商（IQ）測驗先驅而聞名。他也引入了“性敏感區”和“性戀物癖”的概念。他的著作《性愛問題中的“戀物癖”》發表於1882年。 |
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Alfred Binet
(1857- 1911)
a French
physician
and
psychologist,
is best
known as the
pioneer of
intelligence
testing (IQ
Test). He
also
introduced
the concepts
of
"erogenous
zones“ and
“erotic
fetishism”.
His study
Le
fétichisme
dans l’amour
(“Fetishism
in Matters
of Love”)
appeared in
1882. |
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在原初的含義裏，詞語“fetish”（葡萄牙語：feitiço，取自拉丁語factitius：人工製品）表示一個崇拜的對象、偶像和賦予魔力的宗教咒語。在許多文字出現之前或無文字的社會裏，這樣的偶像曾經和仍然受到人們的頂禮膜拜。
當把它運用到人類的性行為時，如果一件事物正對某人起到性喚起的作用，這個術語就可能指任何東西——一件物品、身體的一個部分或一項活動。請您注意：這種性喚起不是由作為整體的一個人所引起，而是由那個人的身體某一部位或由屬於這個人的某件物品所導致，或者根本上只是由任何一件物品所激發，或者由已經對“戀物癖者”來說賦予了某種性愛意義的某項活動所促成。簡而言之，術語“性戀物癖（sexual
festishism）”是指在回避性夥伴的整個個體之下的對身體部位或無生命的物體或特殊的活動的一種性迷戀（erotic
fascination）。
一定程度的某種戀物嗜好的確非常普遍。幾乎每一個人曾經保存和珍愛一封情書、一張照片、一塊手帕、一縷頭髮、一件衣物、或喚起不在現場的心愛人出現在腦海的類似的物品。甚至於在某些情形之下，諸如此類的無生命物體也可能適合於性喚起。不過，這些“輕微的”戀物嗜好個案“並不確切地重要”，而且不是意指我們所說的“嚴重的”戀物癖。只有當戀物行為變成專一的和強迫的，只有當戀物行為削弱或阻礙與性伴的相互滿足的性關係時，這種戀物行為才成為嚴重的問題。不過，儘管這樣，無論治療師或其他任何人將要設法改變戀物癖與否（例如，參見此處），它也會依環境條件而定。
簡而言之，當我們討論性戀物癖時，我們恰恰正在討論社會背景和戀物嗜好的程度問題。畢竟，不同的性伴可能會對不同的性妄想做出反應，甚至可以十分輕易地容忍其中的一些性伴侶，尤其在這些性伴侶以某種方式“符合”他們自己的性偏好時，則更容易容忍。所以，同樣再清楚不過的是，甚至“嚴重的”性戀物癖也並不必定就值得去質疑。只要一對性伴沒有感到有什麼問題，就不存在有什麼理由需要外人就當事者的行為說三道四。在這樣的情形之下，我們也可以質疑“戀物癖”這個負面的標籤是否仍然適用。
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Variations in Sexual Behavior |
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Two Examples: 1. Fetishism |
In its original
meaning, the word “fetish” (portug:
feitiço from lat. factitius:
artefact) denotes an object of
veneration, an idol, a religious item
endowed with magic powers. Such fetishes
were, and still are, worshipped in many
preliterate societies.
Applied to
human sexual behavior, the term can
refer to anything - an object, a body
part, or an activity - if it is sexually
arousing to someone. Please, note: This
arousal is not caused by a person as a
whole, but by a part of that person or
by an object that belongs to the person,
or simply by any object at all, or by
some activity that has acquired some
erotic significance for the “fetishist”.
In short,
the term “sexual festishism” refers to
an erotic fascination with body parts or
inanimate objects or specific activities
at the expense of the whole personality
of a sexual partner.
Some sort of limited fetishism is very
common indeed. Nearly everyone has, at
one time or another, saved and cherished
a love letter, a photo, a handkerchief,
a flower, a lock of hair, a piece of
clothing, or similar items that evoke
the presence of an absent, beloved
person. Indeed, in some cases, such
inanimate objects can also become
sexually arousing. However, these “mild”
cases “do not really count” and are not
meant when one talks of “serious”
fetishism. It becomes serious, when the
fetishistic behavior becomes exclusive
and obsessive, and when it impairs or
prevents a mutually satisfying
relationship with a sexual partner.
However, even then it depends on the
circumstances whether a therapist or
anyone else should try to change it (for
an example, see
here.)
In short,
when talking
about sexual fetishism, one is talking
about a social context and about matters
of degree. After all,
different partners may react differently
to different sexual obsessions and may
even tolerate some of them quite easily,
especially if they somehow “match” their
own predilections. It is therefore also
clear that even “serious” sexual
fetishism is not necessarily
problematic. As long as a couple has no
problem with it, there is little reason
for outsiders to pass judgement on their
behavior. In such a case, one may also
ask whether the negative label
“fetishism” is still useful. |
