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男性性生理問題 |
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睾丸鞘膜積液
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睾丸鞘膜積液(自希臘語：hydor-“水”+kele:“破裂”或“空洞、竇腔”)是指環繞睾丸周圍的液體統稱。該症狀在嬰兒不是不常見，可是在成人卻罕見。最通常的情形是，睾丸鞘膜積液只出現在一側，發生在兩側的病例只有10%。
大多數睾丸鞘膜積液是先天的，也就是說，男嬰生下來就帶有積液。其病因是：當睾丸在出生之前降入陰囊時，鞘膜囊和來自於腹腔內部的液體往下流向陰囊。這個鞘膜囊通常是封閉的，而液體會被吸收。可是，如果液體不能夠往上流回腹膜腔，而是仍留在這個封閉的鞘膜囊內，就會導致所謂的非交通性睾丸鞘膜積液(non-communicating
hydrocele)。這種症狀通常在出生後的18個月內自行消失。
在某些病例，這個鞘膜囊本身仍然開放，而液體能夠在陰囊和腹膜腔之間上下流動。這種病例，醫學上稱作交通性睾丸鞘膜積液(communicating
hydrocele)。在夜間休息之後它會變小，在白天活動後，則會變大。
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1
正常陰囊 2
非交通性睾丸鞘膜積液
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交通性睾丸鞘膜積液
1 Normal scrotum 2 non-communicating hydrocele 3 communicating hydrocele
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治
療
未產生症狀的少量睾丸鞘膜積液不需要治療。但是，如果產生不適或因其尺寸過於引人注目，則預示著需要醫學治療。成人的睾丸鞘膜積液可能預示著身體內部的某種損傷或嚴重的潛在疾病。所以，總是需要做徹底的身體檢查和細緻的診斷，以排除其他的病症。其他的兩個(需要鑒別診斷的)病症可能是疝氣(hernia)和睾丸扭轉(testicular
torsion )。18個月大的嬰兒明顯的睾丸鞘膜積液可能也需要醫學治療。經常的情形是，隨著時間推移，睾丸鞘膜積液有增大的傾向。最常見的治療是外科手術，有時合併使用針管抽液和藥物注射。
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Physical Problems in Males |
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Hydrocele
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A hydrocele (from gr. hydor: “water” + kele: “break” or “cavity”) is a collection of fluid around the testicle. The condition is not uncommon in newborns, but rare in adults. Most often, a hydrocele appears only on one side. Hydroceles on both sides occur in only about 10% of the cases.
In most cases, a hydrocele is congenital, i.e. a baby boy is born with it. The cause is this: When the testicles descend into the scrotum before birth, a sac and some fluid from inside the abdomen move down along with it. The sac usually closes, and the fluid is absorbed. However, if it cannot flow back upward and remains inside the closed sac, it produces a so-called
non-communicating hydrocele. This condition usually corrects itself within the first 18 months of life.
In some cases, the sac itself remains open, and the fluid can travel up and down between scrotum and abdomen. In this case, one speaks of a
communicating hydrocele. It is smaller after a night’s rest and larger after a day of activity.Treatment
A small hydrocele that produces no symptoms does not require treatment. However, if it produces discomfort or becomes too noticeable because of its size, medical treatment may be indicated. A hydrocele appearing in an adult may indicate some internal injury or serious underlying disease. Therefore, a thorough examination and careful diagnosis - ruling out other problems - are always necessary. Two of these other problems may be a hernia or
testicular torsion (see there). An obvious hydrocele in an infant boy older than 18 months may also require medical attention. Very often, hydroceles tend to get larger over time. The most common treatment is surgery, sometimes combined with needle aspiration and the injection of some medication.
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