變異的性行為

術語 2: 術語特殊指稱

在一些國家，術語“易裝癖者（transvestite）”也用於指稱穿著女性服飾並採取女性習性的妓男。不過，這種用法的含義與性學家所使用的用法的含義不同。的確，“疑為男性的人”[1]，他們中的大多數都非常年輕，也許會換穿異性服飾，但不是因為他們有任何的性取向的原因，而是因為純粹出於掙錢的原因。他們換穿女性服飾，這能夠吸引特定類型的顧客——即能夠吸引那些不能承認自己有同性性興趣的男人[2]。因此，這些男人追逐那些著女性服飾的男人，其中更偏好那些最為女性化的男人。他們就是以這種方式來偽裝自己，假裝自己沒有真正地參與同性性行為。他們覺得與這些“易裝癖者”[3]的性接觸會確認和強化他們自己的男性氣概。

這種現象最常見於把男性同性戀與女性氣質等同看待的地方，而且是“男性崇拜（cult of masculinity）”盛行的地方，例如在地中海國家和拉丁美洲等地區。從科學視角看，這些妓男本身可以是或不是易裝癖者。他們可能或不可能認同女性性別角色，而且他們的主要性愛興趣可能是同性戀的、異性戀的或雙性戀的。對於他們來說，最高的興奮點不在於“性愛”而在於鈔票。說來也怪，在這些妓男的“男性氣概”的顧客中，有許多人在性交期間偏好“被動”而逆來順受的角色，面對這些“易裝癖者”自己扮演成“主動的”角色。這一發現對於愛滋病預防項目的推廣具有重要的意義。

Sexual Minorities: 6. Transvestites

Terms 2: A special usage

In some countries, the term “transvestite” is also used for certain male prostitutes who wear women’s clothes and adopt feminine mannerisms. However, this usage differs from the one used by sexologists. Indeed, the males in question - most of them young  - may cross dress not for any sexual, but for purely economic reasons. Dressed as females, they can attract a certain type of customer - men who cannot admit their homosexual interests even to themselves. These men therefore seek out males dressed as females, and among these, they prefer the most effeminate. This way, they can pretend to themselves that they are not really engaging in homosexual behavior. Indeed, they feel that their sexual contact with these “transvestites” confirms and enhances their own masculinity.
The phenomenon is found most often in places where male homosexuality is equated with femininity, and where a “cult of masculinity“ is celebrated, for example in Mediterranean countries and in Latin America. The prostitutes themselves may or may not be transvestites in the scientific sense. They may or may not identify with a feminine gender role, and their main erotic interest may be homosexual, heterosexual, or bisexual. For them, the overriding concern is not “sex”, but money. Curiously enough, many of their “masculine” customers prefer a “passive”, receptive role during sexual intercourse, assigning the “active” part to the “transvestite”. This finding has important implications for AIDS prevention programs.