被禁止的性行為與性暴力

性暴力: 性器官毀損: 方式: 陰戶除扣鎖與重扣鎖

我們在此描述的這種極端形式的陰戶切除同樣可以是嬰兒出生的障礙。過度的陰道瘢痕組織能阻礙甚或阻斷嬰兒的分娩，並因而在這關鍵的時刻會讓嬰兒缺氧。這可能窒息這個嬰兒，進一步發展的後果，就是產婦的窒息或死亡。

當然，在陰戶切除之前，這名女性可以先懷孕和生孩子，但是，陰戶切除毫無疑問是要進行的。

陰戶除扣鎖

解開陰戶扣鎖的手術稱為“陰戶除扣鎖（defibulation）”，它通常在婚禮之夜實施：已經被縫合在一起的陰戶部位被再一次割開，因而陰道再一次開放。

陰戶重扣鎖

一旦這名婦女已經生育，為了保持身體早前的“純潔”，她的陰戶通常會再一次扣鎖起來。這種手術就叫“陰戶重扣鎖（reinfibulation）”。但是，在數次生育以後，就沒有留存下來足夠的組織適合重新縫合陰道了。

陰戶重扣鎖可能在每一次生產之後被重複，而且，在這樣的情形之下，為了每一次後續的計畫內懷孕，將不得不實施陰戶除扣鎖。雖然陰戶除扣鎖並不比起初的毀損手術疼多少，我們也能夠容易地想像到這種手術對於女性的性體驗意味著什麼。

Prohibited Sexual Behavior and Sexual Violence

Sexual Violence: Mutilation of Female Sex Organs: Forms: Infibulation 2

The radical form of infibulation described here can also become an obstacle to childbirth. Excessive vaginal scar tissue can hinder or even stop the baby’s delivery and thus, at crucial moments, deprive it of oxygen. This can kill the baby and, as a consequence of further complications, the mother.
Of course, before an infibulated female can become pregnant and give birth, the infibulation has to be undone.

Defibulation
The procedure of undoing an infibulation is known as “defibulation”, and it is usually performed on the wedding night: The parts of the vulva that had been sewn together are cut open again and thus the vagina is once more made accessible.

Reinfibulation
Once the female has given birth, she is usually infibulated again in order to restore her body to its previous “purity”. This procedure is called “reinfibulation”. However, after several births, there may not be enough suitable tissue left to sew the vagina up again.
A reinfibulation may be repeated after each birth, and, in that case, a defibulation will have to be repeated for each new desired pregnancy. While neither is as painful as the original mutilation, one can easily imagine what they mean for the female’s sexual experience.