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绪论 - 什么是性行为? |
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人类的性行为要素 |
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现代性学研究者实际上已经废弃了性驱力的一般概念。作为替代，已经有了把性驱力分解成多个部分的趋势。早在1940年，罗伯特·拉图·迪金森（R.
L. Dickinson）就已经在“性天赋（sex
endowment）、性能力（sex
capacity）与性驱力（sex
drive）”之间做了区分。1948年，阿尔弗雷德
C.
金西提出了性“能力”对应于“实际的性行动”，1958年，莱斯特
A.
柯肯铎尔（Lester
A. Kirkendall）提出了“性能力（sexual
capacity）”、性行动（sexual
performance）”和“性驱力（sexual
drive）”的区分。迄今为止，后者似乎最有希望，因此，我们在此（只要稍微修改一下他的用语）倒是多半愿意采用柯肯铎尔的论点。简而言之，当讨论人类的性行为时，把它区分为三个要素似乎比较适用：
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①性能力(sexual
capacity)，即这个个体能够做什么。
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②性动机(sexual
motivation)，即这个个体想做什么。
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③性行动(sexual
performance)，即这个个体确实做了什么。
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"Toward a Clarification of the Concept
of Male Sex Drive," Marriage and Family
Living, 20. November 1958,pp367-372 |
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Introduction - What is sexual behavior? |
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Factors in Human Sexual Behavior
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Modern sex researchers have practically abandoned the general concept of a sex drive. Instead, there has been a tendency toward breaking it into components. As early as 1940,
R. L. Dickinson differentiated between "sex endowment, capacity, and drive." In 1948,
Alfred C. Kinsey spoke of sexual "capacity" as opposed to "actual performance"; and in 1958,
Lester A. Kirkendall
proposed a distinction between "sexual capacity, sexual performance, and sexual drive." ("Toward a Clarification of the Concept of Male Sex Drive," Marriage and Family Living, 20. November 1958,pp367-372). So far, this latter approach seems to be the most promising, and therefore we should perhaps adopt Kirkendall's argument here (while slightly modifying his language). In short: When talking about human sexual behavior, it seems useful to distinguish between three basic factors:
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1. Sexual
capacity, i.e., what the individual
can do.
2. Sexual
motivation, i.e., what the individual
wants to do.
3. Sexual
performance, i.e., what the individual
does do.
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