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不孕/不育
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女性不孕
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女子不孕的常见病因是输卵管堵塞。输卵管堵塞常常由于感染性传播疾病。
A common cause of female infertility is the blockage of the Fallopian tubes, often caused by a sexually transmitted infection.
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正象上面所提及的那样，一对夫妇不能生育可能在于男方或女方或双方。如果医学检查证明男方有生育能力，内科医生将对女方展开一系列的检查。她可能因为某些先天性缺陷或由于某些感染（尤其淋菌感染）而不孕。这样的各种感染可能已经永久性地阻塞了她的输卵管而导致不能受精。有一些不孕的病例，只是无可供受精的卵子，因为她就无排卵。另外一些病例受精确实发生过，但是受精卵不能附着到子宫内膜里。还有一些例子，受精和植入都正常，只是随后的早期自发性流产而导致妊娠失败。这种病例的病因可能是子宫或子宫颈不正常。有一些女子的子宫颈黏液栓太稠，以至于不能被精子穿透；还有一些女子的子宫颈液或阴道液不利于精子生存而最终导致精子死亡。偶尔，有的女子体内会产生抗体，并被分泌到阴道内，对所有的精子或对特定男子的精子产生免疫作用，这也是女子不孕的原因。 |
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Infertility
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Infertility in Women
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As mentioned above, the cause of a couple's infertility may lie with the man or the woman, or both. If medical tests prove the man to be fertile the examining physician will start a new series of tests on the woman. She may be sterile because of certain congenital defects, or as a result of certain internal infections especially gonorrhea. Such infections may have led to a permanent blocking of the Fallopian tubes, thus making fertilization impossible. In some cases of infertility, there simply is no egg to be fertilized because there is no ovulation. In other cases, fertilization does take place but the fertilized egg invariably fails to attach itself to the uterine wall. In still other instances, both fertilization and implantation occur, only to be followed by early spontaneous abortions (miscarriages). The reason for this may be some abnormality of the uterus or the cervix. In certain women, the cervical mucus is too thick to be penetrated by sperm; in others, the cervical or vaginal fluids are hostile to the sperm and kill it. Sometimes women develop antibodies which appear in the vagina and produce an immunity to all sperm or to the sperm of a particular man. |
