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變異的性行為
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性權利 1
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如今，許多人要求把自己的性權利作為人權的一部分。在人類歷史上這是相對較晚的訴求。甚至，人權的訴求本身就是一個晚近的概念。雖然，在一些較古老的文明裏存在著人權訴求的先例，但是直到18世紀為止，普遍的人權運動並沒有贏得國際範圍的聲援。人權運動最富有活力的先驅是“啟蒙時代”的歐美作家們。他們的共同目標是建立一個公正的社會，所有社會成員在其中享受平等的權利。美國1776年的《獨立宣言》(Declaration
of Independence)第一次宣佈人人擁有“不可剝奪的生命、自由和追求幸福的權利”。1789年的法國大革命，孕育了《人權與公民權利宣言》(Declaration
of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen)，這一場革命啟迪了其它國家各種各樣的社會運動，並且最終於1948年，導致產生了《聯合國人權宣言》(United
Nations Universal Declaration of Human
Rights)。(欲知詳細發展史，請點擊此處。）
《美國獨立宣言》（1776）
這個文件由於主張“不可剝奪的追求幸福的權利”，因為其中暗含著身體愉悅的權利，被一些人權宣導者視為要求性權利的精神與公正的支柱。（插圖顯示《獨立宣言》原文標題和第一自然段中的幾行文字。）
The American Declaration of Independence (1776)
This document, by claiming an “unalienable right to the pursuit of
happiness” is seen by some rights advocates as the original inspiration and
justification of the demand for sexual rights, which, among other things, imply a right to physical pleasure. (Our illustration shows the original title and the first few lines of the text.)
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Variations in Sexual Behavior |
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Sexual Rights |
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Today, many people demand sexual rights as part of their human rights. This demand is relatively new in human history. Indeed, the demand for human rights itself is new. While there are precedents in some older civilizations, a universal human rights movement did not gain international momentum until the18th century. Its most vigorous pioneers were European and American authors of the “Age of Enlightenment”. Their common goal was the establishment of a just society in which all members enjoyed equal rights. The American “Declaration of Independence” of 1776 for the first time asserted that everyone possessed certain “unalienable Rights to Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness”. The French Revolution, in 1789, adopted a
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, which inspired various social movements in other countries and eventually, in 1948, led to the
United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
(For a more detailed history, click
here.)
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