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女性性生理问题
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经前期综合征(PMS)
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“经前期综合征”(PMS)是一个惯常用于描述妇女在月经周期之前数天内可能出现的各种各样生理与精神症状的集合名词。它也称为“经前期紧张”(premenstrual
tension)，并且甚至可能持续到月经的第一天。一旦行经开始，这些症状通常就会消失。经前期综合征的潜在原因是妇女体内的激素变化，可是这种激素的变化为什么和如何导致特殊的症状，尚不清楚。综合征的症状也具有个体的差异。在某些病例，生理和特定的精神症状是如此之严重，以致于这些妇女简直变得不能够自制，医生称之为“经前期烦躁紊乱症”[premenstrual
dysphoric disorder” (PMDD)]。当到了绝经期，也就是说月经周期终止的时候，也会出现这样的病症。下述的图表列举了最有可能出现的经前期综合征的各种症状：
可能出现的经前期综合征的各种症状
Possible Symptoms of PMS
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生理问题(Physical):
头痛(headache)
头昏眼花(dizziness)
痤疮(acne)
上臂肿胀和腿关节或肌肉疼痛(swelling
in
arms
and
legs
joint
or
muscle
pain)
乳房疼痛(sore
breasts)
背痛(back
pain)
便秘或腹泻(constipation
or
diarrhea)
腹胀(bloated
abdomen)
腹痛或痛经(abdominal
pain
or
cramps)
呕吐(nausea)
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精神问题(Pschological):
喜怒无常(moodiness)
易怒(irritability)
健忘(forgetfulness)
定向障碍(confusion)
焦虑(anxiety)
愤怒(anger)
紧张(tension)
哭泣(tearfulness)
食欲改变(appetite
changes)
疲乏(fatigue)
失眠(insomnia)
消沉(depression)
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Physical Problems in Females
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PMS
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“Premenstrual syndrome” (PMS) is the collective name given to a variety of physical and psychological symptoms that may appear a few days before a woman’s menstrual period. They are also known under the name “premenstrual tension”, and they may even last through the first day of menstruation. Once the period has begun, however, the symptoms usually disappear. The underlying causes of PMS are hormonal changes in the woman’s body, but why and how they produce particular symptoms is unclear. They also vary from one woman to another. In some cases, the physical and especially the psychological symptoms are so severe that women become practically incapacitated. Doctors then speak of “premenstrual dysphoric disorder” (PMDD). When women reach their menopause, i.e. when their regular periods come to an end, so does PMS. The most common possible symptoms of PMS are listed in the graph below:
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