|
不孕/不育 |
|
男性不育
|
|
|
|
男性不育最常見的病因是精子計數量低，精子畸形和/或精子運動能力不足
The most common causes of male infertility are a low sperm count, deformed sperm cells, and/or insufficient sperm motility.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
設法為夫婦找到不孕/不育原因的內科醫生通常會首先檢查男方。這不僅因為男性的生殖系統較簡單，而且因為確實在男性發現癥結的根源太常見了。男性不育當然可能由於某些先天的缺陷所導致。可是，也可能是後天獲得的結果。一些疾病，諸如成年期發生腮腺炎或罹患淋病，可能導致不育。男性不育或生育力低下（subfertility）的另一個病因可能是精子量計數過低。這樣的病例中，該男子能夠產生活精子，但是其數量（小於2千萬/毫升精液）不足以達到成功懷孕的程度。雖然讓卵子受精只要一個精子，通常一次射精必須至少射出1億個精子，為的是讓這一個細胞獲得與之有關的幾率到達目的地。還有一些病例，游離的精子數量倒是足夠，但是它們發育欠缺或運動的能力不足。可是，最通常的情形是，精子計數量少、精子畸形和它們運動能力不足都同時存在。顯然，這種病症在根本上並不必定會影響男子的性欲或性能力。它只是不能導致女子懷孕而已。換一句話說，這樣的男人不是“性無能”而是不能生育。
可是，也有一些男子因為“性無能”而不能生育。儘管這些男子有正常的精子，由於他們不能勃起或不能維持勃起，防礙了他們完成性交，從而不能導致女方懷孕。對於這種病例，特別建議採用人工授精技術。 |
|
Infertility |
|
Infertility in Men
|
A physician who tries to discover the reason for a couple's infertility will usually first examine the man. Not only is the male reproductive system simpler, but quite often the root of the problem can indeed be found in the male. A man's infertility may, of course, result from certain congenital defects, however, it may also be acquired. Certain diseases, for example, such as mumps in adulthood or gonorrhea, can produce sterility. Another cause of infertility or subfertility (insufficient or low fertility) may be a low sperm count. In this case, the man does produce live sperm, but in quantities insufficient for a successful impregnation (less than 20 million sperm cells per milliliter). While it is true that only one sperm cell is needed to fertilize the female egg, usually at least 100 million of them have to be ejaculated at one time in order to give this one cell a statistical chance to reach its destination, In some cases, the sheer number of sperm cells is sufficient, but their proper development or their ability to move is impaired. Most often, however, a low sperm count, sperm deformities, and lack of movement are found to occur together. Obviously, this condition does not have to affect a man's sexual desire or performance at all. He is just unable to cause pregnancy in a fertile woman. In other words, such a man is not "impotent," but infertile.
However, there are also some men who are infertile because they are "impotent." They cannot cause pregnancy in spite of their normal sperm production because their inability to have or hold an erection prevents them from even performing coitus. These cases particularly recommend themselves to treatment by artificial insemination. |
