流產 |
道德兩難
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多數人對流產感到良心忐忑不安,正巧也不贊成被迫為人之母。對許多人來說,流產是一個不幸的最壞的選擇,但是他們也害怕從法律上取消流產的禁令,因為這樣一來將不能解決他們的難題,而且實際上將會使問題越發的糟糕。非法流產以及不稱職、怨恨的母親會危及許多人的生命,而且導致比任何流產禁令所能夠防止的更多的人道災難。舉例來說: |
由於不安全流產,全世界每年有近8萬名婦女死亡,有數百萬之多的婦女罹患嚴重的併發症和致殘。通過提供適當的醫學幫助,能夠防止這樣的悲劇發生*。 |
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可是,這種“贊成選擇”(贊成流產——譯者注)的觀點受到“贊成生命”(禁止流產——譯者注)觀點的反對,後者欲在本質上支持“生命神聖”(不可侵犯——譯者注)。顯而易見,爭論與事無益。當然,歸根結底,無論爭論雙方的基本分歧如何,正是這種將人的生命置於至高無上地位的非常相同的動機鼓舞著論爭的雙方。在雙方相佐的觀點之間作一些調和似乎也不太可能。人們也很清楚,科學不可能化解這道難題。沒有任何科學途徑(能夠)決定人的生命從什麼時候開始和在什麼狀況下可以開始。這些是必須由個人良心回答的基本的道德問題。 *資料來源
/ Sources:
IPAS, IHCAR
(Karolinska Institutet, University of Stockholm)
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Abortion |
A Moral Dilemma
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Most people feel morally uncomfortable with abortion, even as they disapprove of forced motherhood. For many, abortion is an unfortunate bad choice at best, but they also fear that eliminating this choice by law would fail to solve the problem and would actually make it worse. Illegal abortions and unfit, resentful mothers would endanger many lives and cause much more human misery than any ban on abortion could possibly prevent. For example: |
World-wide, nearly 80,000 women die every year and millions more suffer serious complications and disabilities from unsafe abortions. Such tragedies could be prevented by offering medically competent help*. |
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However, this "Pro Choice" argument is opposed by a "Pro Life" argument which wants to uphold the "sanctity of human life" at all cost. Clearly, there is no worthier cause. Indeed, in the final analysis, it is this very same motive of placing the highest possible value on human life that is inspiring both sides, in spite of their fundamental differences. A reconciliation between their opposing views seems unlikely. It is also obvious that the dilemma cannot be solved by science. There is no scientific way of deciding when a human life begins and under what conditions it may be taken. These are basically moral questions which have to be answered by the individual conscience. *Sources: IPAS, IHCAR (Karolinska Institutet, University of Stockholm)
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