不能治癒性傳播疾病-傳染
Incurable
STDs - Infections |
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乙型肝炎
III |
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6.如何治療？
當前，沒有治癒乙型肝炎的手段。
急性肝炎患者要遵從醫囑，注意休息和避免飲酒和食用可能損傷肝臟的其他東西。
沒有症狀的慢性肝炎患者遵照醫囑做定期檢查和避免食用所有傷肝的食飲品。
有嚴重症狀的患者需要服用特別的藥物，這些藥物可以阻斷病毒在體內的複製。他們還需要使用其他的藥物治療，以改善症狀。肝硬化病人可能需要進行肝臟移植手術。7.如何預防？
疫苗能夠預防乙型肝炎。安全和有效的疫苗能夠保護處於感染風險的每一個人。通常，疫苗分3劑注射，在6個月（內完成）。有許多人應該注射疫苗來保護自己。下面是一些顯然具有風險的人群：
- 新生兒、嬰兒與兒童、性活躍的青少年；
- 醫生與護士、尤其是急救人員、一些檢驗室工作人員、其他衛生保健和公共安全工作者；
- 有臨時性伴的人；
- 靜脈毒品注射者
- 監獄室友；
- 為精神殘障者服務的公共機構工作人員；
- 感染者的家庭成員（含病毒攜帶者）
- 去乙型肝炎病毒流行地區的旅遊者
（發展中國家比發達國家更流行）。
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資料來源：美國疾病控制中心/Source: Centers for Disease Control
(CDC), USA |
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Hepatitis
B III
(HBV) |
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6. How is it treated?
There is no cure for Hepatitis B at this time.
Patients with acute hepatitis are advised to rest and to avoid alcohol and anything else that might damage the liver.
Patients with chronic hepatitis who have no symptoms are advised to have regular check-ups and to avoid all substances that might be harmful to the liver.
Patients with chronic hepatitis who have serious health problems can be treated with special medication that may stop the multiplication of the virus inside the body. Other treatments may also improve the condition. Cirrhosis of the liver may require a liver transplant.7. How can it be prevented?
Hepatitis B can be prevented by vaccination. Safe and effective vaccines can protect everyone who is at risk. The vaccination is usually given as a series of 3 doses over a period of 6 months. There are many people who should protect themselves by getting vaccinated. Here are some obvious risk groups:
- Newborns, infants and children, sexually active teenagers
- Physicians and nurses, especially emergency personnel, certain laboratory workers, other health care and public safety workers,
- People with casual sexual partners
- Intravenous drug users
- Prison inmates
- People working in institutions for the mentally handicapped
- Household members of infected persons, including HBV carriers
- People who travel to areas where HBV is prevalent. (It is more prevalent in developing than in developed countries.)
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