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概述-概要
Introduction - General Description |
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各種各樣的性傳播疾病引起非常不同的臨床症狀，但是其傳播的途徑是相同的：除了蟲害侵擾性疾病以外，其他的性傳播疾病由病毒、細菌或別的微生物所導致。這些微生物在身體溫暖、潮濕的內表面滋生（尤其在性器官、口腔和直腸的黏膜表面更容易滋生）。如果脫離了這個適宜於其生長的環境，它們便很快死去。就因為這個簡單的原因，人們不可能從衛生間坐便器、房門把手或小物件上沾染上它們（儘管在一些非常罕見的病例裏，有人已經從用過的毛巾、內褲和別的衣服上染上疾病）。（在中國大陸或其他衛生條件缺乏的國家或地區，公共衛生間坐便器的衛生普遍惡劣，是否就象剛才所說的那樣，恐怕需要仔細斟酌——譯者注。）另一方面，性交為所有這些微生物從一個人到另一個人的傳播提供了適宜的條件，它非常可能同時傳播數種性傳播疾病。雖然大多數性傳播疾病能夠被治癒，但是，它們卻可以反復感染一個人。長期以來，在西方工業化國家，最常見的性傳播疾病有衣原體感染、淋病和梅毒。從1980年代開始，一種新的、致命的疾病——愛滋病病毒-傳染病（HIV-Infection）（愛滋病，AIDS）迅速從美國和西歐播散到世界其他國家，它在諸如非洲、亞洲和東歐等貧窮國家現今特別常見。 |
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成人可治癒STDs全球統計（單位：百萬）
Adults with curable STDs in millions
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地圖顯示世界各大洲或地區的成人可治癒STDs病例數（單位：百萬）。STDs包括：梅毒、淋病、衣原體感染、滴蟲病和軟下疳。世界總病例數約1.2億。[資料來源：世界衛生組織（WHO），1999]
The map shows various world regions and their estimated number of adults (in millions) with curable STDs - syphilis, gonorrhea,
chlamydia, trichomoniasis, and
chancroid. The total number world-wide is ca. 120 million.
Source: World Health Organization (WHO), 1999
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The various STDs produce very different symptoms but are transmitted the same way: Except for the infestations, they are caused by viruses, bacteria, or other micro-organisms which thrive in the warm, moist inner surfaces of the body (particularly in the mucous membranes of the sex organs, mouth, and rectum). Outside of this favorable environment, they quickly die. For this simple reason, they cannot be picked up from toilet seats, doorknobs, or similar objects (although in some very rare cases some STDs have been picked up from used towels, underwear, and other clothing). On the other hand, sexual intercourse provides ideal conditions for all of these micro-organisms to be transmitted from one person to another. It is very well possible to become infected with several STDs at the same time. While most of them can be cured, one can catch them again and again. In the Western industrialized countries the most common STDs have long been chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis. Beginning in the 1980s, HIV-Infection (AIDS), a new, deadly disease, has quickly spread from the USA and Western Europe to the rest of the world and is now especially common in the poor countries of Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe. |
