关键概述-陈腐而无据的定势思维

1. 迷误——人类“正常的”性状态

当作道德事业的性治疗
性治疗师规避解释他们的道德立场，并且尽可能宁愿把诸如性健康和性疾病等掩盖在表面上的客观标准之下，这是可以理解的，因为这样做的效果似乎保护着他们免予受到直接的抨击。因而，他们总是很倾向于以科学的名义发表观点，以寻求捍卫某些所谓的自然法则(laws of nature)。在解释人类行为的科学里，这种策略只能够有限度地运用。这些曾一度被称为"道德科学“的科学与那些不受人类主观裁决的”自然科学“相比，不是同一门学科。可是，性科学如果不在各学科间进行学科融合，始终把自然科学和道德科学结合在一起，那么性科学将什么也不是。此外，性治疗就如医学或其它治疗干预一样，永不可能完全简化为纯科学，它只可以从科学见识的道德运用中建立起来。所以，性治疗师在进行性治疗时，做出合乎道德的决定是他们治疗工作的本质所在。任何人可能期待的最好决定正是那些他/她所知情的决定。

Critical Introduction - Old Silent Assumptions

1. The Myth of a "Natural" Human Sexuality

Therapy as a moral enterprise
It is understandable that sex therapists shy away from explaining their moral positions and prefer to hide, for as long as possible, behind seemingly objective criteria, like sexual health and sexual sickness, because this seems to protect them from direct criticism. Thus, they are always tempted to speak in the name of science, seeking protection behind some alleged laws of nature. However, in sciences that deal with human behavior, this strategy can be only of limited use. It is no coincidence that these sciences were once called the "moral sciences" in contrast to the "natural sciences" which deal with matters unaffected by human decisions. However, sexology is nothing if not an interdisciplinary effort, and it has always combined both the natural and the moral sciences. Moreover, sex therapy, like medicine or any other helping intervention, is never reducible to science but derives its justification from the moral application of scientific insight. Making moral decisions is, therefore, an essential part of any therapist's work. The best anyone can hope for is that these decisions are well-informed.