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性
Sex
- 用性（sex）定义一个人是男或是女。它由5个基本的身体标准所决定：性染色体、性腺、性激素、附属内部生殖结构、和外部性器官。
- 人们在性（sex）的层级上是男人还是女人，他/她在身体上就符合男或女的标准。
- 大多数个体用这全部的5个身体标准来衡量，他们明显是男人或女人。但是，少数人从某种程度上不符合这个身体标准，那么，他们的性（sex）因此是不明确的（两性畸形）
- Sex is defined as a person's maleness or femaleness. It is determined on the basis of five physical criteria: chromosomal sex, gonadal sex, hormonal sex, internal accessory reproductive structures, and external sex organs.
- People are male or female to the degree in which they meet the physical criteria for maleness or femaleness.
- Most individuals are clearly male or female by all five physical criteria. However, a minority fall somewhat short of this test, and their sex is therefore ambiguous (intersexuality).
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性别
Gender
- 用性别（gender）来定义一个人的男性特征或女性特征。性别由一个人确切的性心理品质要素所决定。而一个人的性心理品质要素是作为一个性别和否认作为另一个性别在被养育过程中所形成的。
- 人们在性的层级上是男性或女性，就在心理上符合他们/她们的性别。大多数个体明确地符合与他们身体性征相一致性别。
- 但是，少数人部分地认定与自己身体性征相矛盾的性别（异装癖），甚至有更少的人完全地认定与自己身体性征不一致的性别（易性癖）。
- Gender is defined as a person's masculinity or femininity. It is determined on the basis of certain psychological qualities that are nurtured in one sex and discouraged in the other.
- People are masculine or feminine to the degree in which they conform to their genders.
Most individuals clearly conform to the gender appropriate to their physical sex.
- However, a minority partially assume a gender that contradicts their physical sex (transvestism), and for an even smaller minority such an inversion is complete (transsexualism).
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性取向
Sexual Orientation
- 用性取向定义一个人的异性恋或同性恋状态。一个人的性取向以他/她的性伴的偏好为基础。
- 人们在性的层级上是异性恋或同性恋，这就表明他们被另一性的性伴所性吸引或被同性所性吸引。大多数个体发展成明显的对另一性的性伴有性喜好（异性恋）。
- 但是，少数人对男性和女性都有性吸引喜好（双性恋），甚至还有更少的人主要对自身性别的性伴有性吸引喜好（同性恋）。
- Sexual orientation is defined as a person's heterosexuality or homosexuality. It is determined on the basis of preference for sexual partners.
- People are heterosexual or homosexual to the degree in which they are erotically attracted to partners of the other or same sex.
Most individuals develop a clear erotic preference for partners of the other sex (heterosexuality).
- However, a minority are erotically attracted to both men and women (bisexuality), and an even smaller minority are attracted mainly to partners of their own sex (homosexuality).
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