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女性性生理問題 |
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經前期綜合征(PMS)
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“經前期綜合征”(PMS)是一個慣常用于描述婦女在月經週期之前數天內可能出現的各種各樣生理與精神症狀的集合名詞。它也稱為“經前期緊張”(premenstrual
tension)，並且甚至可能持續到月經的第一天。一旦行經開始，這些症狀通常就會消失。經前期綜合征的潛在原因是婦女體內的激素變化，可是這種激素的變化為什麼和如何導致特殊的症狀，尚不清楚。綜合征的症狀也具有個體的差異。在某些病例，生理和特定的精神症狀是如此之嚴重，以致于這些婦女簡直變得不能夠自製，醫生稱之為“經前期煩躁紊亂症”[premenstrual
dysphoric disorder” (PMDD)]。當到了絕經期，也就是說月經週期終止的時候，也會出現這樣的病症。下述的圖表列舉了最有可能出現的經前期綜合征的各種症狀： 可能出現的經前期綜合征的各種症狀
Possible Symptoms of PMS
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生理問題(Physical):
頭痛(headache)
頭昏眼花(dizziness)
痤瘡(acne)
上臂腫脹和腿關節或肌肉疼痛(swelling
in
arms
and
legs
joint
or
muscle
pain)
乳房疼痛(sore
breasts)
背痛(back
pain)
便秘或腹瀉(constipation
or
diarrhea)
腹脹(bloated
abdomen)
腹痛或痛經(abdominal
pain
or
cramps)
嘔吐(nausea)
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精神問題(Pschological):
喜怒無常(moodiness)
易怒(irritability)
健忘(forgetfulness)
定向障礙(confusion)
焦慮(anxiety)
憤怒(anger)
緊張(tension)
哭泣(tearfulness)
食欲改變(appetite
changes)
疲乏(fatigue)
失眠(insomnia)
消沉(depression) |
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Physical Problems in Females |
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PMS
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“Premenstrual syndrome” (PMS) is the collective name given to a variety of physical and psychological symptoms that may appear a few days before a woman’s menstrual period. They are also known under the name “premenstrual tension”, and they may even last through the first day of menstruation. Once the period has begun, however, the symptoms usually disappear. The underlying causes of PMS are hormonal changes in the woman’s body, but why and how they produce particular symptoms is unclear. They also vary from one woman to another. In some cases, the physical and especially the psychological symptoms are so severe that women become practically incapacitated. Doctors then speak of “premenstrual dysphoric disorder” (PMDD). When women reach their menopause, i.e. when their regular periods come to an end, so does PMS. The most common possible symptoms of PMS are listed in the graph below: |
